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P a g e
molecules on earth. It is also one of the most plentiful: it has
been estimated that salt
deposits under the state of Kansas alone could supply the entire world's needs for the
next 250,000 years.
B
But salt is also an essential element. Without it, life itself would be impossible since the
human body requires the mineral in order to function properly.
The concentration of
sodium ions in the blood is directly related to the regulation of safe body fluid levels. And
while we are all familiar with its many uses in cooking, we may not
be aware that this
element is used in some 14,000 commercial applications. From manufacturing pulp and
paper to setting
dyes in textiles and fabric, from producing
soaps and detergents to
making our
roads safe in winter, salt plays an essential part in our daily lives.
C
Salt has a long and influential role in world history. From the dawn of civilization, it has
been a key factor in economic, religious, social and political development In every comer
of the world, it has been the subject of superstition, folklore, and warfare, and has even
been used as currency.
D
As a precious and portable commodity, salt has long been a cornerstone of economies
throughout history. In fact, researcher M.R. Bloch conjectured
that civilization began
along the edges of the desert because of the natural surface deposits of salt found there.
Bloch also believed that the first war - likely fought near the ancient city of Essalt on the
Jordan River -
could have been fought over the city’s precious supplies of the mineral.
E
In 2200 BC, the Chinese emperor Hsia Yu levied one of the first known taxes. He taxed
salt. In Tibet, Marco Polo noted that tiny cakes of salt were pressed with images of the
Grand Khan to be used as coins and to this day among the nomads of Ethiopia’s Danakil
Plains it is still used as money. Greek slave traders often bartered it for slaves, giving rise
to the expression that someone was "not worth his salt." Roman legionnaires were paid
in salt - a salarium, the Latin origin of the word "salary."
F
Merchants in 12th-century Timbuktu-the gateway to the Sahara Desert
and the seat of
scholars - valued this mineral as highly as books and gold. In France, Charles of Anjou
levied the "gabelle, a salt tax, in 1259 to finance his conquest of the Kingdom of Naples.