Keywords: sustainable agriculture, plant physiology, salt ad drought stress, forage crops, salt affected soils Sustainable agriculture generally defined as a system that ensures the ability of future generations
to produce adequate food and fiber.Sustainablefood production in salt affected lands of the Kur-
Arazwatershed iscomplicated with arid and semi-arid climate, low quality of soil, scarcity of
freshwater, lack of modern cropping system and water saving technology. In such condition the
farmers need to grow enough food and animal feed to meet the need of a rising population. The
situation is expected to be complicated with (i) climate change and global warming due to the change
in precipitation pattern (intensity and distribution) and temperature, deficit of irrigation water,
combined with unsuitable agriculture and cropping arrangements such as insufficient on-farm
management systems and mono-cropping of wheat, corn and cotton, and overgrazing, and leaving soil
surface open in absence of adequate drainage system, and (ii) increased gas emission (CO
2
, N
2
O,
CH
4
), loss of soil and plant quality and health, and soil and plant biodiversity and also amplified in
soil and water pollution (Lobellet al., 2008; Hoffmann, 2013). Problem of improvement of the salt affected semi-arid lands under the plants is also associated
with the absence of (i) local traditional experience on effect of salinity type and level on plant
productivity, (ii) detailed knowledge on effect of salinity and drought on plant physiology and plant
nutrition and metabolism processes, (iii) systematic records on contribution of cropping on soil quality
and distribution of macro-and microelements in soil-plant system and yield quality, (iv) knowledge on
outcome of various and available water (irrigation) quality, (v) diversifying of crop and livestock
production, and (vi) use of modern soil and water management and conservation technology.
Therefore there isa crucial need to introduce alternative agricultural production systems which should
assist in exploiting the available soil, water and plant resources in the region, in a way that produces
commercial returns to the local farmers, while protecting the environment and mitigating effect of
climate change.Appropriate evaluation of non-traditional and traditional salt tolerant crops may
become an integral component in local crop-livestock feeding and farming production systems
(Toderich et al., 2010; Shahid et al., 2013). The long term goal of the study is to assess the potential
for salt-tolerant plants as an economic resource via food for feed, and restoring agricultural production
of conventional crops on saline soils.