***P<0.001 as compared with UBS and UBR groups. UBS: Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breed, URS:
mg/g more than at pure-bred URS cows, and at
the crosses of UBS cows with Brown Swiss
breeds cows (496.5 mg/g), that is by 8.7 mg more
than at UBS cows (Table 4).
The content of glycogenic AAs significantly
correlates with the state of the main components
of immunity. These AAs have a positive effect on
the formation of immunity, and also are used to
synthesize energy (Mettler et al., 2010;
Mazhitova and Kulmyrzaev, 2016). Crossbred
cows dominated the pure-bred cows by the
content of glycogenic amino acids: crosses of
UBS with Brown Swiss breeds cows by 15.5 mg,
and URS with Montbeliarde breeds cows by 12.5
mg over UBS and URS, respectively.
By the content of ketogenic AAs (which are
important for maintenance of the energy balance,
serve as fuel for muscle tissue and kidneys, and
also prevent excessive mobilization of fatty acids
from fat depots) and sulfur-containing AA
(involved in the synthesis of proteins and nucleic
acids, the construction of disulfide compounds,
provision of glutathione synthesis, in protection of
cells from active forms of oxygen, and increasing
of cellular resistance to toxicants) there was not
found out any significant advantage of crossbred
cows over purebred animals (Wu, 2009).
In order to find out the optimal ratios of
EAA in milk protein of cows of investigated
breeds, a comparison of their content with an
aminogram of the standard form (according to
methionine+cystine) of "ideal" chicken egg
protein (WHO, 2007) has been executed. Under
comparison with the "ideal protein" aminogram, it
was discovered that milk of the studied breeds did
not contain AA, the ratios of which were less than
Amino Acid Mineral of Milk from Ukranian Cows (A. A. Borshch et al.)
243
Table 3. Amino Acid Composition of Protein in Milk of Cows of Different Breeds
Name of
AA
Breed
UBS
UBSx
Brown Swiss
URS
URSx Montbeliarde
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
g/100 g
of milk
g/100 g of
protein
G/100 g
of milk
G/100 g
of protein
G/100 g
of milk
G/100 g
of protein
G/100 g
of milk
G/100 g
of protein
EAA
Lys
0.199
6.58
0.214
6.73
0.183
5.81
0.214
6.34
Met+Cys
0.100
3.32
0.117
3.71
0.106
3.38
0,131
3.88
Thr
0.136
4.50
0.144
4.54
0.128
4.06
0.148
4.40
Val
0.147
4.86
0.167
5.28
0.167
5.29
0.195
5.77
Leu
0.299
9.87
0.312
9.83
0.291
9.22
0.322
9.53
Ile
0.146
4.85
0.156
4.92
0.135
4.28
0.147
4.35
Phe+Tyr
0.285
9.43
0.310
9.75
0.285
9.04
0.317
9.38
NEAA
Pro
0.243
8.04
0.262
8.26
0.290
9.18
0.298
8.83
Ser
0.175
5.78
0.179
5.65
0.168
5.33
0.185
5.50
Ala
0.116
3,83
0.127
4.01
0.124
3.94
0.134
3.97
Gly
0.063
2.08
0.067
2.13
0.076
2.42
0.080
2.37
His
#
0.088
2.93
0.095
3.00
0.086
2,75
0.097
2.89
Arg
#
0.105
3.48
0.111
3.52
0.111
3.54
0.119
3.55
Asp
0.170
5.63
0.181
5.72
0.176
5.59
0.191
5.66
Glu
0.564
18.62
0.597
18.80
0.601
19.03
0.640
18.94
#
Partially essential AAs are essential for baby food.
UBS: Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breed, URS:
Ukrainian Red-Spotted dairy breed
optimal (Table 5). The closest to the "ideal" was
the aminogram of milk protein of crosses of the
URS breed with Montbeliarde breeds, and the
maximum differences have been observed in the
AA protein formula of the milk of UBS cows; AA
formula of milk proteins at crosses of UBS and
Brown Swiss
breeds with URS cows occupies
intermediate values (with a slight advantage of
UBS crossbreeds).
It should be noted that the highest excess
content, in relation to the standard, has been
marked by leucine and the sum of
phenylalanine+tyrosine in the milk of all studied
breeds.
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