Lingua- cultural problems of translation

The purpose of the work: to analyze the problems that arise in the process of translation from English to Uzbek and from Uzbek to English by guide translators in the process of researching this topic, in particular to study the national-cultural problems in the translation process, to give examples of them, classification and determination of ways to solve them.‌‌

Tasks of the research: Creating alternative lingua didactic models of Uzbek languages is becoming important, counting requirements such as a dictionary should be anthropocentric oriented to educate communicative active, physically and mentally healthy generation.

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  Methods of the research are: – method of contextual analysis is used for studying socio-political vocabulary in relation to the peculiarities of the context of mass media texts;
  
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  – a comparative method is used to determine the similarities and differences between socio-political vocabulary in the source and target languages in order to identify patterns;
  
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  – a method of linguocultural analysis based on the identification of culturally significant components (cultural phrases, borrowings, foreign words, units of non-equivalent vocabulary, etc.) of a socio-political text, which enables us to get an idea of its cultural aspect and national cultural specifics;
  

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  In socio-political texts, the names of governments of different countries attract attention. For example, British and American media use the names of governments (the White house, Whitehall, and others), and mention or reference to such sources makes the message specific and reliable for representatives of the culture to which these names belong. To understand these names, representatives of other cultures must have background knowledge that will help to correlate the name and the phrase [Komissarov, 2013; 125].
  

CHAPTER ONE. TRANSLATING CULTURE: PROBLEMS, STRATEGIES AND PRACTICAL REALITIES
1.1. Cultural term
Nowadays, lingua- cultural studies are considered not only as a branch of ethnolinguistics, but as an independent scientific field. As a result of research, trying to determine the different features of ethnolinguistics from lingua-cultural studies, searching for and analyzing the historical features of ethnolinguistics in today's data deals with. That is, he analyzes the features related to the historical and cultural life of a specific ethnos in modern materials. In linguistics and cultural studies, historical and modern lesson facts are analyzed through the prism of spiritual culture. In this regard, one can see different results from V.N.Teleya's scientific research in V.A.Maslova's concept. In particular, issues of synchrony and diachrony are also studied in linguistic and cultural studies. Linguistics is a field that studies the intersection of linguistics and cultural studies. Linguistics as an independent field of linguistics emerged as a science in the 90s of the 20th century, and the term "linguistics" appeared for the first time in the scientific works of V.N.Telia, a representative of the Moscow Phraseological School. As an alternative name for this direction, the term "lingua-cultural studies" has appeared in Uzbek, and "lingvokulturovedenie" in Russian. In linguistics, the main subject is dialogue, linguistic and cultural units reflected in mutual communication. In lingua-cultural traditions part of which language is a cultural tool. Linguistic concept is the main unit of culture that has an ethno cultural character and conveys functionally important information about existence. It represents universal universals. Linguistic concept exists in thinking, it combines cognitive-rational and emotional-psychological content. Linguistic concept serves as a worldview model for all language speakers. The linguistic and cultural concept is a cultural tool influencing the formation of national character. Concepts of culture are studied separately in Linguistics. The main concepts of culture are important in the consciousness of the collective language, in particular, conscience, fate, fate, will, sin, law, freedom, intellectuals, homeland, etc. are understood. It can be seen that linguistic, cultural, sociological (content analysis, frame analysis methodology), ethnographic (description, classification, etc.) methods are used in linguistic and cultural research. In most linguistic and cultural studies, these methods interact with different principles and analysesand it is emphasized that lingua-culturology made it possible to study the relationship between language and culture, which is a complex object. It is possible to observe the use of a specific object, for example, an animal, as a constant metaphorical standard in various linguistic cultures.