2-§. A so siy term od in am ik h o la t param etrlari
Ishchi jism n in g fizik h o latin i ifo d a la y d ig a n k a tta lik la r h o lat
p a ra m e trla ri d eyiladi. A sosiy te rm o d in a m ik h o la t p a ra m e trla rig a :
m u tla q bosim , m u tla q h a ro ra t va so lish tirm a h a jm k iradi. Jism
n in g h o la ti o 'z g a rg a n d a bosim , h a ro ra t va so lish tirm a h a jm kes-
k in o 'z g a ra d i. S h u n in g u c h u n b u p a ra m e trla r
term ik p a ra m e trla r
deyiladi.
Bosim.
S irtning b irlik y u z a sig a tik ta 's ir e tu v c h i k u c h g a b o s im d e
yiladi.
■P = f .
[Pa] = N / m 1
(1)
1 N /m
2
- b u b irlik P askal (1 Pa) d e y ila d i. 1 P a u n c h a lik k atta
b o 'lm a g a n i u c h u n te x n ik a d a kP a va M Pa ish latiladi.
1 kP a (kilopaskal) = 10
3
Pa.
1 M Pa (m egapaskal) = 10
6
Pa.
Bu b irlik la rd a n ta sh q a ri 1 b a r = 10
5
Pa - b u b o sim a tm o sfe ra bo-
sim ig a y a q in b o 'lg a n b o sim d ir.
Bosim o 'lc h o v b irlik la rid a n y a n a biri 1 k g k u c h s m
2
(kg • k /sm 2)
yoki b o sh q a k o 'rin is h d a q u y id a g ic h a yoziladi: k g /sm 2, b u
1
kg/
sm
2
=
1
at b u texnik a tm o sfe ra d ey ilad i.
B osim o 'lc h o v b irlik la ri o rasid a q u y id ag ic h a b o g 'la n is h bor:
1 M Pa = 10 b a r = 10,2 at = 10<> Pa.
1 a tm =101,325 kP a = 760 m m sim .ust. = 10333 m m s u v ust.
Fizik a tm o sfera (1 atm ) 0 °C h a ro ra td a 760 m m sim .ust. ga
teng.
B osim q u y id a g i tu rla rg a b o 'lin ad i:
1. A tm o sfera yoki b a ro m e trik b o sim Pbar-
b u a tm o sfera h avo-
sin in g b o sim id ir.
2. O rtiq c h a yoki m a n o m e trik b o sim P
0
rt(Pman) - a tm o sfe ra bo-
sim id a n y u q o ri b o 'lg a n bo sim d ir.
3. V a k u u m (siyraklanish) Pvak - b u a tm o sfera b o s im id a n kichik
b o sim d ir.
4. M u tla q b o sim Pmut - b u jism g a ta 's ir e ta y o tg a n to 'liq b o sim
dir.
6
B u la rd a n faq at m u tla q b o sim g az yoki
su y u q lik n in g h o lat
p a ra m e tri b o 'la oladi.
A g ar b iro r id ish d a g i b o sim a tm o sfera b o s im id a n y u q o ri b o 'lsa,
u n d a m u tla q b o sim q u y id ag ic h a an iq la n ad i:
P m u t = P b a r + P o r t
(2)
A g ar aksincha, id is h d a g i b o sim a tm o sfera b o sim id a n kichik
b o 'lsa , u n d a m u tla q b o sim q u y id a g ic h a an iq lan ad i:
P m u t = P b a r - P v a k
( 3 )
B osim ning tu rli o 'lc h o v birlik lari o rasid a g i n isb a tn i q u y id ag i
jad v a l orqali k o 'rish im iz m u m k in .
1.1-jadval
Birliklar
Pa
bar
kg • k/sm
2
mm sim.ust. mm suv ust.
1 Pa
1
10-5
1,02 • 10-5 7,5024 • 10-3
0 , 1 0 2
1
bar
105
1
1 , 0 2
7,5024 • 102
1,02 104
kg • k/sm
2
9,8 • 104 0,9806
1
735
104
mm sim.ust. 133,3
1,33 • 10-3 1,36103
1
13,6
mm suv ust. 9,8067
9,80 • 10-5 10-4
7,35 • 10-2
1
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