N pp. 5 Dezhurny L. I., Boyarintsev V. V., Turin M. V

Abstract. According to the in-depth medical examination, about 60 % of the examined firefighters have chronic GI diseases, in most cases (76 %) combined with inflammatory-destructive forms of periodontal disease. Therefore, the risk of mutual aggravation of periodontal disease and somatic diseases in this group of firefighters should be assessed in order for them to be timely examined and treated by internists and dentists.

Keywords: periodontal disease, gastrointestinal diseases, Russian EMERCOM firefighters.
References

1. Bulkina N.V., Osadchuk M.A. Nekotorye mekhanizmy vozniknoveniya i progressirovaniya vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii parodonta u bol'nykh s sochetannoi patologiei zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta [Some mechanisms of onset and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with combined pathology of the gastrointestinal tract]. Parodontologiya [Periodontology]. 2007. N 2. Pp. 24–29. (In Russ.)

2. Grudyanov A.I. Zabolevaniya parodonta [Periodontal disease]. Moskva. 2009. 336 p. (In Russ.)

3. Arutyunov S.D. [et al.] Zabolevaniya parodonta i «sistemnye bolezni»: izvestnoe proshloe, mnogoobeshchayushchee budushchee [Periodontal disease and "systemic disease": the known past, a promising future]. Parodontologiya [Periodontology]. 2009. N 1. Pp. 3–6. (In Russ.)

4. Sannikov M.V., Vlasenko M.A., Dudarenko S.V. Sostoyanie pishchevaritel'noi sistemy u spetsialistov Gosudarstvennoi protivopozharnoi sluzhby MChS Rossii Sankt-Peterburga [Digestive system characteristics in specialists of the State Firefighting Service, EMERCOM of Russia]. Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medical-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2012. N 2. Pp. 13–18. (In Russ.)

5. Anand P.S., Nandakumar K., Shenoy K.T. Are dental plaque, poor oral hygiene, and periodontal disease associated with Helicobacter pylori infection? J. Periodontol. 2006. Vol. 77, N 4. Pp. 692–698.

Received 24.12.2012

Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medical-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2013. N 1. Pp. 42–47.

Legeza V.I., Grebenyuk A.N., Zargarova N.I. K voprosu ob effektivnosti primeneniya radioprotektorov razlichnogo mekhanizma deistviya pri porazheniyakh, tipichnykh dlya radiatsionnykh avarii (eksperimental'noe issledovanie) [To a question on efficiency of application of radioprotectors with various mechanisms of action in injures typical for radiation accidents (experimental research)]
The Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 6)
Legeza Vladimir Ivanovich – Dr. Med. Sci. Prof., Research Center, the Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 6);

Grebenyuk Aleksandr Nikolaevich – Dr. Med. Sci. Prof., Head of Department of Military Toxicology and Medical Protection, the Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 6); e-mail: [e-mail];

Zargarova Nina Ivanovna – PhD Biol. Sci., junior research associate, Department of Military Toxicology and Medical Protection, the Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 6); e-mail: [e-mail]
Abstract. In experiments on rats, influence of preventive administration of sulfur-containing radioprotectors (cystamine, gammaphos), agonists of α₂-adrenoreceptors (indraline, naphthyzin) and immunomodulators (prodigiosane, betaleukine) on reparative processes in local (due β- or X-ray irradiation) and combined radiation injures (general γ-irradiation with superficial or deep radiation skin burns) is investigated. It is established that aminothiols and adrenomimetics show their radioprotective efficiency only in superficial radiation burns, with the most expressed wound healing action for cystamine. In combined radiation injures including superficial skin burns, reparative processes are accelerated when using cystamine, naphthyzin and betaleukine; in injures combined with deep radiation burns – when using cystamine or betaleukine.

Keywords: radiation accident, irradiation, radiation burn, combined radiation injury, radioprotector, immunomodulator, skin reparation.
References

1. Afrikanova L.A. Ostraya luchevaya travma kozhi [Acute radiation skin injury]. Moskva. 1975. 193 p. (In Russ.)

2. Vasin M.V., Ushakov I.B., Suvorov N.N. Protivoluchevaya effektivnost' indralina pri lokal'nom gamma-obluchenii kozhi [Radioprotective efficacy of indralin in local skin exposure to gamma-radiation]. Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya [Radiation Biology. Radioecology]. 1998. Vol. 38, N 1. Pp. 42–54. (In Russ.)

3. Vladimirov V.G. Krasil'nikov I.I., Arapov O.V. Radioprotektory: struktura i funktsiya [Radioprotectors: structure and function]. Kiev. 1989. 264 p. (In Russ.)

4. Vladimirov V.G., Krasil'nikov I.I. Farmakologicheskie mekhanizmy radiozashchitnogo effekta v usloviyakh tselostnogo organizma i perspektivy izyskaniya radioprotektorov [Pharmacological mechanisms of radioprotective effect in terms of the whole organism and research prospects radioprotectors]. Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya [Radiation Biology. Radioecology]. 1994. Vol. 34, N 1. Pp. 121–133. (In Russ.)

5. Genes V.S. Nekotorye prostye metody kiberneticheskoi obrabotki dannykh diagnosticheskikh i fiziologicheskikh issledovanii [Some simple methods of cybernetic processing of data from diagnostic and physiological studies]. Moskva. 1967. 208 p. (In Russ.)

6. Grigor'ev V.V., Zaitsev K.K., Kosachev I.D. Vliyanie tsistamina na morfologiyu zazhivleniya ognestrel'noi rany (svetoopticheskoe i elektronno-mikroskopicheskoe issledovanie) [Effect of cystamine on the morphology of the gunshot wound healing (the light and electron microscopic examination)]. Byulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny [Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine]. 1984. Vol. 98, N 12. Pp. 723–727. (In Russ.)

7. Diagnostika i lechenie ozhogov v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniyakh Vooruzhennykh sil [Diagnosis and treatment of burns in the hospitals of the Armed Forces]. Moskva. 1992. 5 p. (In Russ.)

8. Radiatsionnaya meditsina: Rukovodstvo dlya vrachei-issledovatelei i organizatorov zdravookhraneniya [Nuclear medicine: a guide for physicians/researchers and policy-makers]. Ed. L.A. Il'in. Vol. 2. Radiatsionnye porazheniya cheloveka [Radiation injuries in humans]. Moskva. 2001. 432 p. (In Russ.)

9. Vladimirov V.G., Strel'nikov Yu.E., Smirnova S.M., Tarnopol'skaya L.G. Radiozashchitnaya effektivnost' i nekotorye farmakologicheskie svoistva S, beta-aminoetiltiofosfata [Radioprotective efficacy and some pharmacological properties of S, beta aminoethyltiophosphate]. Radioekologiya [Radioecology]. 1993. Vol. 33, N 1. P. 116–121. (In Russ.)

10. Ivanov E.V. [et al.]. Radioprotektory kozhi [Radioprotectants of skin]. Meditsinskaya radiologiya [Medical radiology]. 1978. Vol. 23, N 11. Pp. 49–58. (In Russ.)

11. Rany i ranevaya infektsiya [Wounds and wound infection]. Eds. M.I. Kuzin, B.M. Kostyuchenok. Moskva. 1990. 592 p. (In Russ.)

12. Simbirtsev A.S. Interleikin-1 i drugie tsitokiny v lechenii i profilaktike radiatsionnykh porazhenii [Interleukin-1 and other cytokines in the treatment and prevention of radiation injuries]. Meditsinskie aspekty radiatsionnoi i khimicheskoi bezopasnosti: materialy konferentsii [Medical Aspects of Radiation and Chemical Safety: conference materials]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2001. Pp. 436–440. (In Russ.)

13. Gogin E.E., Emel'yanenko V.M., Benetskii B.A., Filatov V.N. Sochetannye radiatsionnye porazheniya [Combined radiation damage]. Moskva. 2000. 240 p. (In Russ.)

14. Legeza V.I., Grebenyuk A.N., Zatsepin V.V. Medical protection in radiation accidents: some results and lessons of the Chernobyl accident. The Lessons of Chernobyl: 25 years later. Eds. E.B. Burlakova, V.I. Naydich. New York : Nova Science Publishers Inc. 2012. Pp. 47–54.

15. Seed T.M. Radiation protectants: current status and future prospects. Health Phys. 2005. Vol. 89, N 5. Pp 53.

Received 30.11.2012

Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medical-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2013. N 1. Pp. 48–53.

Ukhovsky D.M., Bogoslovsky М.М., Rezvantsev M.V. Osobennosti sistemnykh mekhanizmov adaptatsii u barometeochuvstvitel'nykh voennosluzhashchikh k klimaticheskim usloviyam Krainego Severa [Characteristics of systemic mechanisms of adaptation to the climatic conditions of the Far North in barometeosensitive servicemen]
The Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 6)
Ukhovsky Dmitriy Mikhailovich – PhD Med. Sci., Head of military therapy Laboratory of Research Center, of the Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, St. Petersburg, Аcademica Lebedeva Str., 6); e-mail: [e-mail];

Bogoslovsky Michail Michailovich – Dr. Biol. Sci., senior lecturer of Research organisation Department, The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia (Russia, 194044, St. Petersburg, Аcademica Lebedeva Str., 4/2); e-mail: [e-mail];

Rezvantsev Mikhail Vladimirovich – PhD Med. Sci., Deputy Head of Education-methodic Department of the Kirov Military Medical Academy (Russia, 194044, St. Petersburg, Аcademica Lebedeva Str., 6); e-mail: [e-mail]
Abstract. Characteristics of systemic mechanisms of deadaptation in barometeosensitive servicemen in the coastal zone of the Far North are presented. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of barometeosensitivity formation are established be as follows: reduced adaptive capacity and body functional reserves; increased sensitivity of blood pressure pressor response to the effects of endogenous vasopressors; increased reactivity and adaptive voltage in sympathetic-adrenal, pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-adrenal axes; increased manifestations of polar tissue hypoxia and its hemodynamic compensation; adaptive cardiovascular overstress, with reduced adaptive capacity and functional reserves, as well as formation of autonomic imbalance with a predominance of the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Keywords: deadaptation, adaptation mechanisms, barometric pressure, barometeosensitivity, Far North, servicemen, cardiovascular system.
References

1. Anan'ev V.N., Miryuk M.N. Adrenoreaktivnost' pri ostrom kholodovom stresse [Adrenoreactivity in acute cold stress]. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya : Biologiya i ekologiya [Herald of Tver State University. Series: Biology and Ecology]. 2010. Issue 18. Pp. 23–32. (In Russ.)

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4. Afonyakin I.V. Primenenie interval'noi gipoksicheskoi trenirovki dlya povysheniya anaerobnoi rabotosposobnosti plovtsov [Application of interval hypoxic training to improve anaerobic performance in swimmers]. Moskva. 2003. 21 p. (In Russ.)

5. Baranova T.I. Mekhanizmy adaptatsii k gipoksii nyryaniya [Mechanisms of adaptation to diving hypoxia]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2008. 33 p.

6. Barsukov, A.V., Shustov S.B. Arterial'naya gipertenziya. Klinicheskoe profilirovanie i vybor terapii [Hypertension. Clinical profiling and selection of therapy]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2004. 255 p. (In Russ.)

7. Belikova E.A. Osobennosti adaptatsii studentov s raznym vegetativnym tonusom [Features of adaptation of students with different autonomic tone]. Moskva. 2008. 19 p. (In Russ.)

8. Garkavi L.X. Aktivatsionnaya terapiya. Antistressovye reaktsii aktivatsii i trenirovki i ikh ispol'zovanie dlya ozdorovleniya, profilaktiki i lecheniya [Activation therapy. Anti-stress reaction activation and training and their use for healing, prevention and treatment.]. Rostov na Donu. 2006. 256 p.

9. Gorst V.R. Formirovanie ritma serdtsa i adaptatsionnye vozmozhnosti organizma pri razlichnykh funktsional'nykh sostoyaniyakh [Formation of the heart rhythm and adaptability of the organism in different functional states]. Astrakhan'. 2009. 45 p.

10. Grigoruk S.D. Ekologo-fiziologicheskie kharakteristiki zhitelei g. Surguta trudosposobnogo vozrasta s disfunktsiyami serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy [Ecological and physiological characteristics of Surgut residents of working age with dysfunction of the cardiovascular system]. Tyumen'. 2005. 23 p. (In Russ.)

11. Denisov E.N., Rusanova N.R. Vliyanie oksigenatsii tkanei na endotelial'nye mekhanizmy regulyatsii tonusa sosudov u bol'nykh khronicheskoi serdechnoi nedostatochnost'yu [Effect of tissue oxygenation on endothelial mechanisms of regulation of vascular tone in patients with chronic heart failure]. Gipoksiya: mekhanizmy, adaptatsiya, korrektsiya: doklady konferentsii. Moskva [Hypoxia: mechanisms, adaptation, correction: conference papers]. 2011. Pp. 45–48. (In Russ.)

12. Elizarov A.N. Fizicheskie faktory nizkogor'ya v lechenii i profilaktike metabolicheskogo sindroma [Physical factors of lowlands in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome]. Mizhnarodnii endokrinologichnii zhurnal [International journal of endocrinology]. 2009. N 1. Pp. 30–33. (In Russ.)

13. Zverev D.P. Sostoyanie funktsii organizma cheloveka pri mnogokratnykh giperbaricheskikh vozdeistviyakh [Status and functions of the human body during repeated hyperbaric exposures]. Sankt-Peterburg. 2011. 22 p. (In Russ.)

14. Novikov A.A. [et al.]. Ispol'zovanie analiza variabel'nosti ritma serdtsa dlya kontrolya podgotovki sportsmenov strelkovykh vidov sporta [Using heart rate variability analysis to monitor training in athletes involved in shooting sports]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta Seriya 6: Biologiya. Nauki o zemle [Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series 6: Biology. Earth Sciences]. 2012. N 1. Pp. 97–102. (In Russ.)

15. Kolbasin L.N. Fiziologicheskaya otsenka tsentral'noi i perifericheskoi gemodinamiki u prishlogo naseleniya Krainego Severa [Physiological assessment of central and peripheral hemodynamics of the Far North]. Nadym. 2008. 19 p. (In Russ.)

16. Krivonogova, E.V. Fiziologicheskaya kharakteristika tireoidnoi sistemy, vegetativnoi regulyatsii serdechnogo ritma i proizvol'nogo vnimaniya u podrostkov na Severe [Physiological characterization of the thyroid system, autonomic regulation of heart rate and voluntary attention in adolescents in the North]. Arkhangel'sk. 2006. 19 p. (In Russ.)

17. Krivoshchekov S.G. Psikhofiziologicheskie mekhanizmy adaptatsii i dezadaptatsii na Severe. Tezisy 13 mezhdunarodnogo kongressa po pripolyarnoi meditsine [Physiological mechanisms of adaptation and maladaptation in the North. Abstracts of 13 International Congress on Circumpolar Health]. Novosibirsk. 2006. Pp. 5–6. (In Russ.)

18. Kupriyanov S.V. Fiziologicheskaya rol' sosudistykh refleksogennykh zon v integrativnoi regulyatsii funktsii dykhaniya i krovoobrashcheniya [The physiological role of vascular reflex zones in the integrative regulation of respiratory and circulatory functions]. Cheboksary. 2009. 30 p. (In Russ.)

Podzolkov V.I., Tarzimanova A.I. Ratsional'nye kombinatsii v lechenii arterial'noi gipertonii [Rational combinations in the treatment of hypertension]. Ratsional'naya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii [Rational pharmacotherapy in cardiology]. 2010. N 6. P. 192–196. (In Russ.)

19. Ivyanskii S.A. [et al.]. Pokazateli dinamiki QT-intervala v khode proby s dozirovannoi fizicheskoi nagruzkoi u detei, zanimayushchikhsya sportom [Indicators of QT-interval changes over time during exercise stress test in children involved in sports]. Rebenok i obshchestvo: problemy zdorov'ya, razvitiya i pitaniya: tezisy konferentsii [Child and society: health problems, development and nutrition: proceedings of the conference]. L'vov. 2012. P. 135. (In Russ.)

20. Dedov I.I. [et al.]. Ratsional'naya farmakoterapiya zabolevanii endokrinnoi sistemy i narushenii obmena veshchestv [Rational pharmacotherapy of endocrine diseases and metabolic disorders]. Moskva. 2008. 584 p. (In Russ.)

21. Sagidova S.A. Izmeneniya sosudov mikrogemotsirkulyatsii v razlichnykh otdelakh serdtsa pri adaptatsii k gipoksii i fizicheskim nagruzkam. Ul'yanovsk [Changes of microcirculation in various parts of the heart during adaptation to hypoxia and physical stress]. 2010. 22 p. (In Russ.)

22. Khasnulina A.V., Bezprozvannaya E.A., Khasnulin V.I. Psikhoemotsional'nyi stress u zhitelei Severa i adaptatsionno-vosstanovitel'nyi potentsial [Psycho-emotional stress among residents of North and adaptive/recovery potential]. Meditsina Kyrgyzstana [Medicine of Kyrgyzstan]. 2010. N 6. Pp. 28–31. (In Russ.)

Received 26.11.2012

Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medical-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2013. N 1. Pp. 54–59.

Vetoshkin А.А., Ergashev O.N. Osnovnye mekhanizmy formirovaniya vnutrisustavnogo immunnogo otveta u patsientov s khlamidiya-indutsirovannym reaktivnym artritom [Basic mechanisms of formation of intra-articular immune response in patients with Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis]
The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia

(Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 4/2);

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

(Russia, 197022, Saint-Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo Str., 6/8)

Vetoshkin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich – orthopedic trauma surgeon, the Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia (Russia, 194044, Saint-Petersburg, Academica Lebedeva Str., 4/2);

Ergashev Oleg Nikolaevich – Dr. Med. Sci. Prof., Department of Hospital Surgery, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Russia, 197022, St. Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo Str., 6/8); е-mail: [e-mail]

Abstract. In the review, modern concepts of reactive arthritis (ReA) as immune-mediated synovitis due to bacterial infection persisting intra-articularly for a long time are considered. The complex mechanisms that lead to the development of ReA, are based on the interaction between the arthritogenic bacterial agent and microorganism. Ability of macroorganism cells to eliminate arthritogenic antigens defined by factors including genetic predisposition (HLA-B27), determine ReA immunopathogenesis. Better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of Chlamydia-associated reactive arthritis will facilitate developing the most rational approaches to the treatment of this disease.

Keywords: Chlamydia-associated reactive arthritis, HLA-B27, proinflammatory cytokines.
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Received 11.12.2012

Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh [Medical-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations]. 2013. N 1. Pp. 60–66.