j o y n i n g o ‘z i da yiliga 1 ml n. t o n n a azot kislota ishlab chi qar ish quvvati
tashki l e t i l g a n d a va gaz l a r ni c h i qa z i b tashl ash b a l andl igi 100— 150 m
b o ‘l g a n d a h a m h a v o n i n g yer ga ya q in q a t l a m l a r i d a a z o t oksidlari
m i q d o r i n i s a n i t a r n o r m a l a r i t al ab la r ig a j a v o b b er i s h i n i t a ’mi nla ydi.
9. 21. T A S H L A N D I Q N I T R O Z A GAZL ARI N I
T O Z A L A S H
T a s h l a n d i q n i t r o z a gazlari k i m y o s a n o a t i d a a z o t kislotasi ishlab
ch iq ar ish j a r a y o n i n i n g c h i qi n d i gazlari sifatida hosil b o ‘lib, ular tarki-
bini a s o s a n e l e m e n t a r a z o t, ki sl or od, a r g o n , u g l e r o d di oksidi (ular
a s o s a n a m m i a k n i o ks idl as h u c h u n i sh la t i l a d i ga n a t m s o f e r a havosi
bilan az ot kislotasi q ur i lmasi ga kiradilar), suv b u g ‘i ( ha vo bilan kiradi
va a m m i a k n i o k si dl as h j a r a y o n i d a hosil b o ‘l adi ), a z o t m o n o o k s i d i ,
a z o t d i ok s i di , a z o t n i n g b o s h q a oksidl ari ( a m m i a k n i va a z o t m o n o
o ksi di ni o k si dl as h, az ot d i oks idini t o ‘liq abs or bsi ya l a nmas ligi n a t i j a
s ida hosil boMadilar) tashki l e t a d i l a r va b u n d a y g a z l a r a r a l a s h m as i ni
a t m o s f e r a h a v o s i g a t a s h l a b y u b o r i s h m u m k i n e m a s , c h u n k i u la r
t arki bi dagi a z o t oksi dlari t irik o r g a n i z m l a r u c h u n o ‘ta zaharli m o d d a
his ob l an ib , u l a r n i n g m i qd o rl ar i ruxsat eti lgan s a n i t a r n o r m a m i q d o r -
l ar i d a n b i r n e c h a m a r o t a b a k o ‘pdir. S h u m u n o s a b a t b i lan bu t a s h
l a n d i q n i t r o z a gazlari a z o t o k s i d l a r i d a n al ba t t a t o z a l a n m o g h kerak.
A z o t ok s i d l ar i n i kat al it ik t o z a l a s h d a t o z a l a n i sh i k e r ak b o ‘lgan
n i t r o z a gazlari t a r ki bi ga m a ’l u m m i q d o r d a g i q a y t a r u v c h i kiritiladi.
N o s e l e k t i v q a y t a r i s h u s ul i da az ot o k si d l a r i d a n t o z a l a s h u c h u n gaz
a r a l a s h m a s i g a t abiiy ga z kiritiladi va qa y ta r ish j a r a y o n i a l u m i n i y -
p al ladi yl i k a t a l i z a t o r A P K - 2 (bu k a t a l i z a t o r t a r k i b i d a p al la d i y 2%
ni tashki l e t a d i ) i s ht i r o k i da a m a l g a oshiril adi. K a t a l i z a t o r ikki q a t
l a m d a n i bo ra t b o Ti b, i k k i nc h i q a t l a m i — k a t a l i z a t o r n i asosi, y a ’ni
f aqat a l u m i n i y o k s i d i d a n tashkil t o pg a n .
K a t a l i z a t o r d a a v v a l a m b o r tabi iy ga z t ark i b i da g i m e t a n ni t ro z a
gaz ida gi o z o d k is l o ro d b il an q u y i d a g i c h a re aksi yaga kirishadi:
C H 4,g, + 2 0 2(g| = C 0 2(g) + 2 H 20 (b| + 802 kJ
(9.27)
Bu rc ak s i y a n a t ij as ida ajralib c h i q a y o t g a n issiqlik a z ot o ks i d l a r i
ni q ay t a r i sh u c h u n k e r ak b o ‘lgan 673 К — 1073 К dagi t e m p e r a t u -
r a n i hosil qilishga x i zma t qiladi. S h u n d a n s o ‘n g quyi dagi reaksi ya-
lar s o d i r b o ‘ladi:
C H . . . + 2NCL, = N 7, . + 2 H 70 . h. + C O . , . + 331 kJ
(9.28)
4(g)
2(g)
2(g)
2 (b)
2(g)
x
Dostları ilə paylaş: