The Review of Selected Research on Loyalty
and Its Antecedents in the Tourism Industry
The review of the subject literature for both cognitive purposes (of
a heuristic, auxiliary nature) and utilitarian purposes confirms that while
many authors present loyalty as the result of some models proposed for
the determination of loyalty to a destination, accommodation, or other
tourism product of interest, others put loyalty among behavioral inten-
tions.
As Table 2 shows, the following studies refer to the loyalty construct as
one-dimensional,
two-dimensional (distinguishing between attitudinal and
behavioral loyalty), and three-dimensional (distinguishing between cogni-
tive, affective, and attitudinal, conative, and behavioral loyalty).
Analyses were also conducted by approaching loyalty as an indirect ef-
fect of the reviewed models. Most of the studies deal with the final result as
a single construct. This construct may represent [cf. Campon, Alves, Her-
nandez 2013, p. 28]:
– the intention to return [Murphy et al. 2000; Choi, Chu 2001; Petrick et
al. 2001; Petrick, Backman 2002; Alegre, Cladera 2006, 2009; Umet al.
2006; Cladera 2007],
Figure 4. Consumer loyalty determinants in the tourism market.
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