Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency



Yüklə 0,94 Mb.
Pdf görüntüsü
səhifə105/159
tarix30.04.2023
ölçüsü0,94 Mb.
#105269
1   ...   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   ...   159
pub1222 web

(c) Limitations of the Indicator: (i) This indicator quantifies air pollution resulting 
from energy use only; thus it ignores pollutant emissions related to other activities, 
such as those of the industrial and agricultural sectors. In general, these sectors are not 
dominant sources for the pollutants discussed, but to some extent they do contribute to 
total exposures. (ii) The indicator assumes that countries have adequate national 
statistical services to enable an air pollutant release and transfer register/inventory to 
be established. (iii) When interpreting this indicator, it should be read in connection 
with the indicator for urban air quality. (iv) The level of detail required for various 
combustion processes, particularly data related to machinery characteristics, might not 
be readily available for certain activities. In this case, default emission factors from 
existing sources of inventory compilation guidance should be used to obtain estimates 
of the pollutant emissions released into the atmosphere. 
(d) Alternative Definitions/Indicators: Alternatively, the percentage change in 
emissions over time (e.g. the percentage change in emissions between 1990 and the 
most recent year) may be considered; that is, indexed emissions relative to a 1990 
baseline. Normalized forms of indicators are useful for cross-country comparisons 
(i.e. emissions per unit of gross energy use). 
ASSESSMENT OF DATA 
(a) Data Needed to Compile the Indicator: Quantities of emissions of air pollutants 
from all energy-related activities, particularly from the electricity production and 
transportation sectors. Proposed denominator for a normalized indicator: Unit of gross 
energy use. 
(b) National and International Data Availability and Sources: Most European 
countries report emissions of air pollutants annually under the protocols of the 
CLRTAP. Globally however, the main challenge concerning data is to increase the 
frequency with which the data are collected, processed and updated at the national 
level. Annual changes in emissions cannot be calculated unless annual data are 
available. In a number of countries, the current practice still is to publish emission 
inventories at five-year intervals. Additional efforts are needed to improve the 
availability, completeness and comparability of data for air pollutant emissions. 


100 

Yüklə 0,94 Mb.

Dostları ilə paylaş:
1   ...   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   ...   159




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©azkurs.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

gir | qeydiyyatdan keç
    Ana səhifə


yükləyin