THE 3
rd
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
339
Cucurbitáceae
are grown in our country.
Cucurbitáceae
production in
Azerbaijan was 47% in 2019, but in 2020 dropped to 34%. There are many
pests and various disease factors that lead to a decrease in production. Viral
diseases are one of the main reasons for
the loss of
Cucurbitáceae
production. Melons, watermelons, cucumbers, and pumpkins, the main
agricultural species of
Cucurbitáceae
are infected with at least 59
characteristic viruses that are widespread throughout the world. These
include
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus
(ZYMV),
Cucumber mosaic virus
(CMV),
Pumpkin mosaic virus
(SqMV),
Watermelon mosaic virus
(WMV),
and
Papaya ring spot virus –W
(PRSVW), which are
considered dangerous
for vegetable plants. Such diversity of viruses is probably based on the
ecological and genetic biodiversity of their plant hosts [2]. On the other hand,
Cucurbitaceous
crops are grown in various agricultural ecosystems, from the
cultivation of watermelons by the classical method of irrigation, to the
cultivation of cucumbers in greenhouses. These various environmental
factors create desirable conditions for specific viruses and their insect
vectors. Twenty-six strains of viruses infected
Cucurbitáceae
crops are found
in the Mediterranean countries, while only four viruses (WMV, ZYMV, CMV,
and
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows
(CABYV)) are shown to be prevalent in
Azerbaijan. Most viruses that infect
Cucurbitáceae
crops belong to the
Potyviridae
family [3]. It should be noted that this is the most widespread
group of plant viruses. This family of viruses includes more than 200 well
-
studied and not yet well-studied plant viruses. Viruses of this genus cause
great economic losses, resulting in a decrease in product quality and quantity
throughout the world.
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