Table 5.1: Photovoltaic array outputs for bright sunny day on 4
th
April 2019
The values from the two LDRs are to be read and recorded at the given intervals. The LDRs
measure the intensity of light and therefore they are a valid indication of the power that gets to the
EXPERIMENT RESULT, ANALYSIS
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AEIE, RCCIIT
surface of the solar panel. The light intensity is directly proportional to the power output of the
solar panel.
Time (Hrs)
LDR1(V)
LDR2 (V)
0630
0.277
0.276
0730
0.504
0.509
0830
1.757
1.933
0930
1.631
1.783
1030
1.900
1.798
1130
2.910
2.969
1230
1.990
1.990
1330
1.985
1.990
1430
0.976
0.985
1530
0.941
0.892
1630
0.824
0.594
1730
0.128
0.981
1830
0.982
0.968
Table 5.2: LDR Outputs for cloudy day on 7
th
April 2019
Time (Hrs)
LDR1 (V)
LDR2 (V)
0630
1.477
1.487
0730
2.804
2.839
0830
3.203
3.990
0930
3.990
3.990
1030
4.130
4.149
1130
4.500
4.590
1230
4.990
4.990
1330
4.888
4.990
1430
4.976
4.985
EXPERIMENT RESULT, ANALYSIS
38
AEIE, RCCIIT
1530
4.941
4.892
1630
4.873
4.790
1730
3.964
3.940
1830
2.708
2.815
Table 5.3: LDR outputs for bright sunny day on 2
nd
April 2019
5.2 Analysis
From the tables, it can be seen that the maximum sunlight occurs at around midday, with maximum
values obtained between 1200 hours and 1400 hours. In the morning and late evening,
intensity of sunlight diminishes and the values obtained are less that those obtained during the day.
After sunset, the tracking system is switched off to save energy. It is switched back on in the
morning.
For the panel fitted with the tracking system, the values of the LDRs are expected to be close. This
is because whenever they are in different positions there is an error generated that enables its
movement. The motion of the panel is stopped when the values are the same, meaning the LDRs
receive the same intensity of sunlight. For the fixed panel, the values vary because the panel is at
a fixed position. Therefore, at most times the LDRs are not facing the sun at the same inclination.
This is apart from midday when they are both almost perpendicular to the sun.
Days with the least cloud cover are the ones that have the most light intensity and therefore the
outputs of the LDRs will be highest. For cloudy days, the values obtained for the tracking system
and the fixed system do not differ too much because the intensity of light is more or less constant.
Any differences are minimal. The tracking system is most efficient when it is sunny. It will be able
to harness most of the solar power which will be converted into energy. In terms of the power
output of the solar panels for tracking and fixed systems, it is evident that the tracking system will
have increased power output. This is because the power generated by solar panels is dependent on
the intensity of light. The more the light intensity the more the power that will be generated by the
solar panel.
CONCLUSION, FUTURE WORK
39
AEIE, RCCIIT
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