beforeoldin, ilgari, lately yaqinda, keyingi paytlarda, recentlyyaqinda, shu kunlarda, once bir kuni, everbiror vaqt, neverhech qachon, alwayshar doim, doimo, oftentez-tez, ko‘pincha, seldomkamdan-kam, usually odatda, sometimesba’zan, goho,alreadyallaqachon, yet hali; allaqachon, still hali,since-dan buyon va boshqalar:
I was very busy yesterday. Men kecha juda band edim.
He usually goes to bed at ele-
ven o’clock.
U odatda soat 11da uxlashga yotadi.
He left Tashkent in 1996, and I
haven’t seen him since. U 1996-yilda Toshkentdan ketgan va
men uni o‘shandan buyon ko‘rganim
yo‘q.
Never ravishi bilan bo‘lishli shakldagi fe’l ishlatiladi chunki ingliz tili da
bitta gapda faqat bitta inkor ishlatilishi mumkin:
I have never been there.
Men u yerda hech qachon bo‘l-
maganman.
Yet ravishi so‘roq gaplarda allaqachon ma’nosida ishlatiladi. Already ravishi esa allaqachon ma’nosida so‘roq gaplardagi biror ish-harakatning
bunchalik tez sodir bo‘lganligiga ajablanish, hayratlanishni ifodalaydi:
Have you fi nished your work yet? Siz ishingizni allaqachon tugatdin-
gizmi?
Have you fi nished already?
Siz allaqachon tugatib bo‘ldin gizmi?
(Qanday qilib bunchalik tez tugat-
dingiz?)
3. O‘lchov va daraja ravishlari:muchko‘p, littleoz, veryjuda, tooo‘ta,
soshunday, enoughyetarli, hardly, scarcelyarang, zo‘rg‘a, nearly, almost deyarli, aytarli va boshqalar.
a) much ravishi ko‘p ma’nosida asosan so‘roq va bo‘lishsiz gaplarda
ishlatiladi. Darak bo‘lishli gaplarda esa odatda muchning o‘rniga a lot, a