Perfect Infi nitive (ham Active, ham Passive) quyidagi hollarda ishla-
tiladi:
1. Perfect Infi nitive gapning kesimidagi fe’l ifodalagan ish-harakat-
dan oldin sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi:
He seems to have fi nished his
work.
U ishini tugatganga o‘xshaydi.
This writer is said to have written a
new novel.
Aytishlaricha bu yozuvchi yan-
gi roman yozgan.
2. may va must fe’llaridan keyin kelib ish-harakat allaqachon sodir
bo‘lgan degan taxminni ifodalash uchun:
He must have fogotten about it.
U buni unutgan bo‘lishi kerak.
I don’t know where he is. He may have gone to London.
Uning qayerdaligini bilmay-
man. Londonga ketgan bo‘lishi
mumkin.
3. should, would, could, might, ought to, va was (were) to modal fe’lla-
ridan keyin kelib bajarilishi lozim bo‘lganvabajarilishi mumkin bo‘lgan, lekin haqiqatda bajarilmaganish-harakatni ifodalaydi:
He should (ought to) have gone there.
U o‘sha yoqqa ketgan bo‘lishi
kerak edi.
You could have helped him.
Siz unga yordam bera olardingiz.
He was to have come yesterday. U kecha kelishi kerak edi.
4. to intend, to hope, to expect, to mean fe’llarining o‘tgan zamondagi
shaklidan keyin kelib ish-harakatni sodir qilishga qasd, umid bo‘lishiga, shu ish-harakatni sodir etilishini kutishga qaramay shu ish-harakat sodir bo‘lmaganligini bildiradi: I intended to have fi nished my
work last night.
Men kecha oqshom ishimni tuga-
tishga qasd qilgan edim (tugata
olmadim).
I hoped to have met him there.
Men uni o‘sha yerda uchratishni
umid qilgan edim (uchratmadim).
