Introduction
The Learning of English as a foreign language (EFL) is mandatory at all educational levels in
Ecuador. According to the Ministry of Education, students are obliged to study English as part of
their curricula from second grade (MEC, 2014). The importance of learning English from an early
age is justified because of the increase of professional and academic demands in a globalized world
where the chances of getting a well-paid job, accessing updated information, and doing research
are manifold for people who master this language (Nishanthi, 2018). Given the increasing pressure
to become proficient in English, teachers have realized the necessity of developing students'
language skills and Critical Thinking skills. This necessity has urged teachers to make significant
transformations in how they perceive and enact their teaching (Lipman,1991; Maiorana, 1992).
The last two decades have seen substantial improvements in the study of Critical Thinking (Behar-
Horenstein & Niu, 2011; Browne, 2006; Ennis, 1995; Fisher, 2001). Reasons behind the interest
in developing Critical Thinking are that it is indispensable for individuals, especially those in
higher education, to solve problems, defend their new ideas, question information, become
independent learners, and think beyond facts(Benesh, 2001; Curtis, 2003). Developing Critical
Thinking skills in college students should not be exclusive in classrooms where theoretical,
philosophical, or hard sciences are taught. On the contrary, fostering Critical Thinking should be
a collective enterprise for all subjects.
The specific characteristics of the English as a foreign language classroom make it the ideal
environment where teachers can foster Critical Thinking (Pineda, 2004). Unfortunately, teachers
often give more weight to vocabulary, grammar, and language skill training. We believe that
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Pol. Con. (Edición núm. 57) Vol. 6, No 4, Abril 2021, pp. 358-370, ISSN: 2550 - 682X
Infusing Critical Thinking Skills in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom: A
Meaningful Experience for Teachers and Students
teachers' and students' endeavors in the EFL classroom should strive to stimulate students to use
the language productively, so they can debate, analyze, criticize, evaluate, create, judge, and
reverse their thinking. Activities should also support students in their quest to use their previous
knowledge to underpin new understanding. In this view, EFL needs to take a more dynamic and
purposeful perspective rather than a simple task of skill acquisition. This paper draws on the
importance of developing Critical Thinking skills in the EFL classroom and provides valuable,
constructive details on conceptualizations, usefulness, and strategies to achieve this goal.
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