path diversity and pre-compute backup paths, so that when link failures happen,
3.EFFICIENT LOOP-FREE CRITERION BASED SCHEMES:-
Theorem : Given any two nodes u and v (u, v 6= c) in the shortest path tree Tc,
let Dc(v, u) = Cc(u) − Cc(Bc(u)) + L(u, v). If Dc(v, u) < CBc(u)(c) + Cc(v). (5)
We say u can contribute to v, and add Bc(u) to Nc(v). If packets destined to v
are always forwarded by c to the next-hops in Nc(v), the resulting paths are
loop-free and will reach the destination. Proof: CBc(u)(v) is the cost from Bc(u)
to v in the SPT TBc(u) , and is also the lowest cost from Bc(u) to v in the
network. Since Cc(u) − Cc(Bc(u)) + L(u, v) is the cost of a path from Bc(u) to u
to v, it must be no smaller than CBc(u)(v), so CBc(u)(v) ≤
Cc(u)−Cc(Bc(u))+L(u, v) < CBc(u)(c)+Cc(v). This satisfies (4) in Theorem 1,
and thus the statement is true.
✷ The condition in (5) is a little more strict than that in (4), however, checking
whether it is satisfied by two nodes u and v can be accomplished in a much
simpler way as follows. When constructing the SPT Tc, whenever we insert a
new node u, we only need to verify (5) against a node v that is u’s neighbor and
is already in Tc, since if u and v are not neighbors, L(u, v) = ∞ and it is not
possible to satisfy (5). In this way, we can compute Nc(v) for any node v by
constructing a single SPT, which is much faster than other multipath algorithms.
Dostları ilə paylaş: