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The passive is used to change the focus of the sentence, to avoid generalised
subjects, and to make an action impersonal. It is common in descriptions of
processes, and in scientific and technical language in general.
HANDOUT 1. Decide whether the sentences in each pair have the same meaning
HANDOUT 2. Underline the correct word in each sentence.
a) The busy shopping street was thronged
by/with
people.
b) The emergency exit was concealed
by/from a
red curtain.
c) The price of excursions is included
in/with
the cost of the holiday.
d) All through January, the fields were covered
by/from
snow.
e) The room was crammed
by/with
furniture of all descriptions.
f) Two of the climbers were injured
by/with
falling rocks.
g) The island is inhabited
by/from
people of mainly Chinese origin,
h) The bank was quickly surrounded
from/with
armed police.
i) The window had been smashed
from/with
a hammer taken from the shed,
j) The stadium was packed
from/with
cheering fans.
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