Qarshi davlat universiteti roman-german filologiyasi fakulteti lingvistika kafedrasi

Participle I as attribute 
This function is peculiar to non-perfect participle I in its main sense, that of a process 
simultaneous with the action denoted by the main verb or with the moment of speech. It 
corresponds to the Russian imperfective participle, usually active: 
leading 
- ведущий, 
asking
- 
спрашивающий, 
sleeping 
- спящий. The passive participle I corresponds to the Russian 
imperfective 
passive 
participle: 
being 
asked
- 
спрашиваемый, 
being 
translated
-
переводимый, 
being built
- строящийся. 
When a participial phrase is used as attribute it follows the modified noun. Its verbal character is 
evident from its verbal combinability and sometimes from the passive form itself. A participial 
phrase may be (a) non-detached or (b) detached: 
a) We went along the street 
leading to the seashore.

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33 
Emma sat in the armchair 
facing the door.
Another factor concerns the formality of the language 
being taught.
b) Once a month Tommy, 
arriving separately
, came in for a brief drink. 
When a single participle is used as attribute, it generally functions as a premodifier. Here we 
usually find only participle I active of intransitive verbs. Its verbal character is clear from the 
processual meaning of the verb itself: 
living people, a sleeping dog.
Participle I as a premodifying attribute differs from the gerund in the same function. The noun 
serves as the subject of the action expressed by the participle, as in 
a living man = a man who 
lives, a burning house = a house that is burning, a dancing girl == a girl who is dancing 
(or 
dances). The gerund suggests the destination of the object or a person’s occupation, as in 
writing 
paper =paper for writing, dancing hall = a hall for dancing, a singing teacher = a teacher of 
singing.
Note also the difference in stress patterns. There are two stresses in the pattern with the