Multilingual Writing in Medieval Japan
97
and clarification throughout the work. Ultimately, the two familiar tropes
combine in
The Water Mirror
to create a transcendent authority that goes
above and beyond the traditional claims of court-generated narratives of
the past to advance new positions.
To return to the preface in more detail, the larger setting is a reli-
gious pilgrimage, and it features an elderly narrator—a seventy-three-
year-old woman. In the course of her devotions before the Kannon statue
at Hasedera (the same temple that was the setting for
The New Mirror
), she
chances upon an ascetic who is thirty-four or thirty-five. To help them
stay awake until dawn, the ascetic submits to the aged pilgrim’s request
that he tell her about his experiences. As was the case in
The Great Mir-
ror
, the tales of the world that are conveyed are part of a larger salvation-
oriented performance: here, they are a coda to a sutra reading. To the ex-
tent that
The Water Mirror
replicates the salvific power it invokes, one
can presume that the content to follow will provide the narrator and even-
tual reader with an enlightenment of some sort. Yet the mechanics and
contours of its promises are very diff erent, especially in how it mobilizes
familiar ideas of place and principle.
DECENTERED AUTHORITY: THE WATER MIRROR
AND MULTIPLE NARRATIVE SITES
One of the most noteworthy aspects of
The Water Mirror
’s preface is the
way in which it invokes more than one site of authority. This adaptation
permits the narrator to draw on multiple sites with diff erent valences to
synthesize a position of authority that has the potential to reach beyond
the limitations of any one of the sites in isolation.
The specific setting of
The Water Mirror
is familiar yet distinctive.
As just observed, in the preface, the encounter takes place at Hasedera
Temple, which is already familiar from Tametsune’s earlier work. How-
ever, the narrator explains that the real purpose of her trip is her annual
pilgrimage to Ry
ū
gaiji Temple (also known as Okadera Temple). This cre-
ates a two-part setting. On the one hand, there is Hasedera, which is
both where
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