31
D) Glitserin.
6. Xolesterin parchalanishidan hosil bo‘ladigan oxirgi mahsulotni ko‘rsating:
A) SO
2
va N
2
O
B) Ammiak
V) Siydikchil
G) O‘t kislotalar
D) Atsetil-KoA
7. Xolesterindan nima hosil bo’lmaydi?
A) Yog‘ kislotalar
B) O‘t kislotalar
V) Vitamin D
3
G) Steroid gormonlar
D) Membrananing strukturaviy qismi
8. Yog‘ kislotalarning biosintezi qayerda kechadi?
A) Yadroda
B) Sitoplazmada
V) Membranada
G) Mitoxondriyada
D) Mikrosomada
9. Yog‘ kislotalar sintezida ishlatiladigan qaytaruvchisini ko’rsating:
A) FADH
2
B) NADH
2
V) NADFH
2
G) FMNH
2
D) QH
2
10. Qaysi aminokislotalarning yetishmasligi jigarni yog‘li infiltrastiyasiga sabab
bo‘lishi mumkin?
A) Triptofan
B) Glutamat
V) Metioninin
G) Tirozin
D) Treonin
11. Yog‘larning resintezi qayerda kechadi?
A) ichak devorida
V) gepatotsitlarda
12. Testni to‘ldiring: Xilomikronlar (80%) qonda _________ tashiydi. (javob:
triglitseridlar).
33
Sxema № 2. Xolesterin biosintezi.
CH
3
SO – SKoA
atsetil KoA
tiolaza
CH
3
SO – SKoA
atsetil KoA
Xolesterin (S
27
)
NSKoA
CH
3
SOCH
2
SO – SKoA (atsetoatsetil KoA)
Lanosterin (S
30
)
OMGKoA –sin-tetaza CH
3
SO–SKoA+N
2
O N
2
O
NSKoA
NADF
+
CH
3
│
NOOS – CH
2
– S – CH
2
– SO – SkoA
│
ON
β oksi-β-metilglutaril-KoA
NADFN
2
O
2
Skvalen (S
30
)
OMGKoA –reduk-
taza
2NADFN
2
2NADF
NSKoA
NADF
+
NADFN
2
2FFN
CH
3
│
NOOS – CH
2
– S – CH
2
– CH
2
ON
│
ON
Mevalonat
Farnezilpiro-fosfat
(S
15
)
Izopentenilpi-
rofosfat (S
5
)
Farnezilpirofosfat
(S
15
)
FFN
Geranilpirofosfat (S
10
)
ATF
ADF
FFN
5-fosfomevalonat
Dimetilamelpi-
rofosfat (S
5
)
Izopentenilpi-
rofosfat (S
5
)
ATF
ADF ATF
FN
ADF SO
2
5-pirofosfomevalonat
3-fosfo-5pirofosfolivalonat
Sxema № 5. Fosfolipidlar biosintezi.
glyukoza
Lipidlar
dioksiatsetonfosfat
glitserin
glitserofosfatlar
R
1
– CO – SKoA
R
2
– CO – SKoA
Fosfatid kislota
R
3
– CO – SKoA
StTF
diglitserid
triglitserid
F ON
F – O F
xolin ATF
SDF-diglitserid
serin
StMF
Fosforil-
xolin
StTF
ADF
fosfodilserin
F – O F
StDF -xolin
SO
2
Fosfatidileta-
S-adenozilmetionin nolamin
S-adenozilgomosistein
fosfotidilxolin
StMF
39
39
Sxema № 8. Yog‘ kislotalarning sintezi.
CH
3
– SO – SKoA
SO
2
HS – APB
NS – KoA
ATF + N
2
O
ADF + N
3
RO
4
CH
3
– SO – SAPB
atsetil – APB
NOOCH
2
– SO – SKoA
malonil – SKoA
NS – APB (atsetil saqlovchi oqsil)
NS – KoA
NOOCH
2
– SO – SAPB
SO
2
CH
3
SOCH
2
– SAPB
atsetoatsetil - APB
NADFN
2
NADF
+
CH
3
CH(ON)CH
2
– SAPB
β-oksibutiril – APB
N
2
O
CH
3
CH = CHSO – SAPB
Krotonil – APB
NADFN
2
NADF
+
CH
3
– CH
2
– CH
2
SO – SAPB
Butiril – APB
Juft uglerod atomini
saqlovchi yuqori yog‘
kislota
41
41
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