Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

---

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
111 
PEDAGOGICAL, ETHICAL AND EDUCATIONAL VIEWS IN THE WORKS OF SAADI 
SHIRAZI 
 
Bekbergenov A.A. 
Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh 
Summary:
 This article covers the life of Sa'diy Shirazy, his moral and educational views in 
his works. Ethical and educational views in the work "Gulistan" were analyzed pedagogically. 
Keywords:
 perfect person, just ruler, virtue, desire, education, "Gulistan", "Bo`ston". 
The famous Persian-Tajik poet, writer and thinker Muslihiddin Saadi Shirazi was born in 
1203 in the city of Shiroz. Instead of applying the knowledge he received in practice, Saadi, who 
was a madrasah, embarks on a long-term journey through the countries of the East. This can be 
justified by two reasons: the first is the poet's thirst for travel, and the second is the lack of peaceful 
conditions for science and creativity in the vast territory under the control of the Mongols. 
Sometimes he travels around Iran, Arabia, Asia Minor, Egypt, Khurasan, East Turkestan in the 
image of a scientist and preacher, sometimes as a Sufi and a dervish, sometimes on a donkey, 
sometimes on foot. These trips lasted more than 20 years. During the journey, Sa'diy had to protect 
the caravan from robbers and enter the muharaba, read sermons in madrasahs and courts in different 
places, and discuss with sheikhs and Sufis. He was also in India, lived in a temple for some time, 
was captured by the crusaders and had to participate in the repair of their fortresses. During these 
journeys, Saadi deeply studied the science of life, understood human behavior in all its complexity, 
and became a wise man of his time who saw a lot. Returning to Shiraz in the middle of the 13th 
century, the poet withdrew from the worries of the world and lived a poor life in the household of 
Sheikh Abu Abdullah Hafif on the outskirts of the city and died in 1292. The garden and 
mausoleum where he was buried is one of the places of pilgrimage for poetry lovers, and the 
footsteps of the poet's admirers do not leave him day and night. 
Saadi's status is very high in Persian Tajik literature. In particular, the works "Bo'ston" 
(1257) and "Guliston" (1258), created on the basis of rich life experience, brought him worldwide 
fame. 
The thinker's work "Gulistan", which is of great importance in the process of educating a 
perfect person, is recognized as a didactic work with a unique style in the history of pedagogical 
ideas of the peoples of the East. This work is also valuable because it was created on the basis of the 
rich life experience of the author.[2] 
The work "Gulistan" consists of eight chapters, and its structure is as follows: 

prologue; 

the first chapter - in the zikr of the kings: 

the second chapter - on the ethics of dervishes; 

the third chapter - mention of the quality of contentment; 

the fourth chapter mentions the benefits of silence; 

the fifth chapter - about love and youth; 

the sixth chapter - about old age and weakness; 

the seventh chapter - about the influence of education; 

the eighth chapter - on conversation etiquette. 
Saadi dreams that the kings will have high human qualities. It is desirable that a person who 
is recognized as the ruler of the country should be able to demonstrate the following qualities in his 
image: fair, resourceful, enthusiastic, understanding, knowledgeable, wise, intelligent, noble, 
generous, brave, brave and devoted to his citizens. caring, being able to tell the difference between a 

---