Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
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present stage of development of society, the needs of psychological practice and the lack of 
scientific development substantiate the expediency of this research topic. 
Such tasks do not arise by themselves, but it is important to study the interests, needs and 
opportunities of future psychologists, to form and develop their professional orientation by 
improving and developing educational activities in which motivation plays a special role. A 
person's abilities are inextricably linked with motivational mechanisms, determine their 
environment and reflect the dynamic relationship of spiritual influence. 
Methods. 
Diagnosis of the relationship between motivation, interests, abilities, personal qualities of 
future psychologists and their professional orientation is a very complex process, the effectiveness 
and productivity of which can be determined by complex methods. Our experiments use the 
following methods to collect reliable data: 
1) observation; 
2) analysis of the product, the result of the activity (motives, interests and attitude to the 
profession); 
3) questionnaire (sheet); 
4) interview; 
5) natural experiment and others. 
1) Observation is the most common method for studying educational professional 
motivation. Some psychologists are critical of it, arguing that it consists of a superficial, subjective 
statement that is not amenable to mathematical calculations. Purposeful, deliberate, organized 
perception is called observation, and the observed event does not create special conditions for the 
process, does not affect the object, is due to the obvious purpose of the observer. Observation will 
be targeted and improved according to a predetermined plan, the implementation of the observation 
process will be equipped with subjective means, the results will be recorded. The main professional 
orientation of the observation that we want to apply is to identify various indicators of professional 
motivation by studying the process and, on their basis, draw psychological conclusions according to 
these criteria.
2) Analysis of the product, the result of the activity (motives, interests and attitude to the 
profession); Through this method, we can explore self-awareness, emotional intelligence, and 
creativity based on learning needs, interests, and needs.
3) Questionnaire (sheet); The word "method-questionnaire" is a French term used for 
research, study, survey. As a rule, the questionnaire is a set of questions on a specific topic, which 
are answered by a group of people being studied. According to some features, the questionnaire is 
close to the interview genre, but the questions are not for one respondent, but for a large group of 
people, and the questions are written, not oral. The main components of the questionnaire are the 
psychologist, the respondent and the questionnaire. 
4) The method of interview is a method of conversation used to improve the educational 
process or to determine the correctness of scientific hypotheses.
5) The scientific basis of natural experimental methods was developed in 1910 by the 
Russian psychologist A.F.Lazursky. He used this method to study the formation of the personality 
of a young school-age child. The natural method is intended for use in the process of solving the 
problems of psychological changes, relationships, ability to work, professionalism of members of 
production teams, employees of scientific institutions, teachers, and the elderly.
The method of natural experimentation differs sharply from the method of external 
observation. With the method of external observation, a person observing a mental process can 
consider it as it happened, but does not interfere in the manifestation of this process, that is, does 
not change the conditions that give rise to the mental process. When using the method of natural 

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