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guided writing and free writing. The familiarization is aimed at making the students
aware of certain features of particular text. In controlled and guided writing stages, the
students practice the skills until they are ready for the free production activity.
So we can say that, the product-oriented approach puts emphasis mostly on
students‟ final products of writing. Since final products are the concerns of this
approach, the activities of writing are also controlled by the teachers. They need to do
particular efforts to avoid errors in the text composition, for example by focusing more
on the correctness of the grammar.
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