Teaching Productive Skills to the Students: a secondary Level Scenario

3.2.2 Interview 
With regards to interviews, I took into account the view of Hatch, (2002) on 
interviews as instruments to involve participants in order to know their viewpoints about 
a subject. According to Cohen and Manion (1994), interviews are considered as the 
best way to understand the factors that govern human beings‟ conduct. In this inquiry 
these were effective in distinguishing what participants felt when expressing their ideas 
on speaking or writing. 
 
 

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3.3 
Population and Sampling 
The main participants of the research are 115 students and 12 teachers who 
teach in different schools in Jessore area. The population for the study consisted of 
students of secondary schools where English is taught as a second language. The 
sample has been drawn by convenience sampling method. The sample size was 121 
participants (115 students, 12 teachers). The sample included 68 male students and 47 
female students from different schools. All of the students have studied English since 
they joined school but, in general, their level is low, with some exceptions. 5 teachers 
were male out of 12.These teachers are chosen randomly by the researcher to get the 
data. The researcher contacted over phone, visited and requested them to participate in 
the survey by completing the questionnaire. 
 
3.4 
Validity and Reliability 
James Dean Brown emphasizes and explains the importance of validity and 
reliability of a survey. According 
to Brown, “Reliability analysis is important because 
they indicate the degree to which an instrument is consistent in its measurement. 
Validity analysis is important because they indicate the degree to which an instrument is 
measuring w
hat it was intended to measure” (p. 11). In this research the researcher 
considers some aspects of validity and reliability as very important. The aspects are: 
a. 
Literature of the research 
b. 
Objective of the study
c. 
Discussion with the supervisor of the study