Technology and our changing world high Technology

ALTERNATIV SO‘ROQ GAPLAR.
Ingliz tilida 4 xil so‘roq mavjud. Ular umumiy, maxsus, alternative (tanlanma) va tasdiq so‘roq gaplardir. Umumiy so‘roq gaplar barchaboshqa so‘roq gaplaridir. Umumiy so‘roq gaplar barcha boshka so‘roq gaplar uchun asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi. Umumiy so‘roq gaplar ega oldiga yordamchi fe'lni qo‘yish orqaliyasaladi.
Is he a student? Does he learn English?
Do you likefoorball?
Are you a teacher?
Haveyou got a book?
Alternativ yoki tanlanma so‘roq gaplar esa ikkita umumiy so‘roq gaplarni«or» (yoki)bog"lovchisibilan bog‘lash orqalihosilqilinadi.
Is he a student, or is he a teacher? yoki Is he a srudentor a teacher?
Ko‘pincha ikkiumumiy so‘roq gapning qismi qisqartirilib ishlatiladi.
Does he speaks English or French.
Ex:
He is always late.
He came alwayshlp his father athis car.


EGAGA SO‘ROQ QO‘YISH
Odatda maxsus so‘roq gaplar umumiy so‘roq gaplar oldiga maxsus so‘roq so‘zniqo‘yish orqaliyasaladivaulargato‘liq javob beriladi.
Ex:
Wheredoyou live? In Andijan.
Why do livehere? 1 work here.
When is heon duty? He is on duty today.
Whatdo you want to read? 1 want to read thenew article.
Lekin egaga so‘roq berilganda “do”, “does”, “did” yordamchi fe’llari ishlatilmaydi. Balki asosty fe’l “s” qo‘shimchasu bilan yoki o‘tgan zamondakeladi.
Ex:
Karim works at school
Who works at school? (who does work exams)
This TV set shows in all channels perfectly.
What shows perfectly ?
“what”, “who” so‘roq olmoshlari to‘Idiruvchiga so‘roq berishda ham ishlatiladi lekin u holda у a’ni so‘roq egaga earns to‘ldiruvchigaberilganda “do”, “does”, “did” ishlatiladi:
Who did you see last week? (“Who saw you?” emas)
Whatdid you learn atyour last lesson? (“whatyou learned” emas)


MANY, MUCH, LITTLE, FEW SIFATLARI
Miqdorni anglatuvchi many, much, little, few sifatlari sanaladi.
“Many” sifati sanaladigan otlar oldidan, “much” sifati esa sanalmaydigan otlar oldidan ishlatiladi. Bu sifatlar asosan va inkor gaplarda ishlatilib, bo‘lishligaplardayaxshi“a”lotso‘zini ishlatgan ma’qul.
Ex:
I havegot a lotof friends. I havegot lot of work to do.
Have you got many friends? Have you got much work to do?
I haven’tgot many friends. I haven’tgotmuch more to do.
“Little”, “few” sifatlari ham miqdorni anglatib “oz” degan ma’noda ishlatiladi. “Little” sifati sanalmaydigan otlar oldidan, “few” sifati esa sanalmaydigan otlar oldidan ishlatiladi.
1 have few friends and little time.
Hereturned back home with little money in his pocket.
“a little” so‘zi “br” oz degan ma’noda ijodiy tarzda, “little” so‘zi esa “oz” ma’nodasalbiy tarzda ishlatiladi.
Eg. I have a little time, I needn’thurry.
1 have little time, I was hurry.
Huddi shuning “a few” so‘zi “bir oz” degan ma’noda salbiy tarzda ish latiladi.
Eg.
I have a few friends, I’m happy.
I have few friends, I’m lonely.