Tezislər / Theses

 
Devices and structure of the system
 
The structure of the whole system consists of electronic, electrical, and 
mechanical components. 

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THE 3
rd
 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
277
 
1. The motors are used to make conveyors work.
 
2. Conveyor belts are used as transportation means to move objects 
from one place to another.
 
3. Switches and sensors, in our case we use photoelectric and 
capacitive ones, collect data which is coming from the boxes located 
on a conveyor belt and are called input devices. The main purpose 
of a photoelectric sensor is to count objects and to detect the 
absence or presence of objects by sending infrared light, while a 
capacitive sensor which acts like a simple capacitor produces an 
electrostatic field and detects the objects.
 
4. Actuators are a part of output devices, the first application of which 
is to convert an electrical signal to mechanical movement.
Fig.1. 
Function block 
 
5. PLC, which stands for Programmable Logic Controller, is the brain 
of the whole system and shows logical actions according to the data 
gathered from sensors and makes decisions. 
 
6. To monitor system operation and alert an operator in case of any 
unexpected condition, indicators can be utilized. 
Working algorithm
The packaging system is powered by two perpendicularly positioned 
conveyors. One of them is under the responsibility of carrying the empty 
boxes (Conveyor 1), while the other is for delivering the objects that will be 
used to fill the boxes (Conveyor2). The items must come from up to down, 
hence the second conveyor belt must be placed above the first.
When the toggle switch is turned on, the system begins by moving 
Conveyor 1, which carries and transports the empty boxes, using a DC 
motor. A capacitive sensor is installed in the box-carrying conveyor so that it 
can detect the box when it is below the goods-carrying second conveyor. 
Conveyor 1 is stopped after the box is in the desired location. When 
Conveyor 1 is paused, the information is passed to the PLC, which starts the 
work turn of Conveyor 2 above. Items fall to the box as Conveyor 2 is moving. 

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