Allmark-Kent 148
the “interestingly presented” information on the Columbia River Chinook salmon
“conservation program” and “research work” (59). As indicated by Rich’s
language,
Return to the River
forms a ‘bridge’ between Seton’s and Roberts’
stories and the six twentieth-century wild animal narratives. I argue that the
work of Roderick Haig-Brown provides solid evidence that both the wild
animal
story and Nature Fakers controversy directly influenced realistic animal
representations in subsequent Canadian literature.
In 1931 Haig-Brown published his first salmon book,
Silver: The Life of
an Atlantic Salmon
. It is dedicated to “Master Dickie P.” and, as the author’s
note suggests, originated as a bedtime story (5). The resemblance to some of
Seton
’s and Roberts’ wild animal stories is extremely strong. Haig-Brown uses
the biographical
structure
and constructs his protagonist as an ‘animal hero,’
even indulging in
playfully grandiose titles: “He was Silver, King of the River,
mightiest of the salmon” (87). Indeed, like Seton he also attempts to explain the
salmon’s behaviour through anthropocentric metaphors: the “song” of the river
and the “wife” of the salmon (22, 75). Thus, it is clear that as a children’s book
Silver
educates and entertains, but lacks the scientific
and ethical engagement
of the wild animal story. Interestingly, in an interview with Ernest Schweibert in
1976 (only a few months before Haig-
Brown’s death), he explains: “
I wasn’t too
happy with my story of the Atlantic salmon
” (xi, emphasis original). The legacies
of both Seton and the controversy are prominent in their discussion:
Well
, he chose his
words thoughtfully,
I wanted to write about animals
without faking anything
—without any of the anthropomorphic tricks that
portray animals made to think and feel like people.
Bambi books?
I laughed.
Bambi is not alone,
Haig-Brown agreed.
There’s the Fortescue books
about red stags, and a lot of Ernest Thompson Seton
—there’s been
plenty of nature faking
(xi, emphasis original).
Allmark-Kent 149
It is worth observing that, as I have discussed elsewhere, only Seton’s name
appears in connection to the controversy. Apparently Long, London, and
Roberts have been forgotten. This dismissal of Seton provides a useful
distinction, however. As Haig-
Brown’
attitude indicates, although an author may
write in the style of the wild animal story, there is no guarantee that they do so
in
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