Allmark-Kent 203
“must be read in that sense” (25). If we accept the challenge to read Wawa-
quee
as an ant
, our efforts are validated by the strength of her defamiliarizing
zoocentric perspective. If we do
consider Wawa-
quee’s ways,
we are
presented
with a rich imaginative speculation that challenges anthropocentric and
speciesist thinking. This depends, of course, on whether we allow ourselves to
be
seen seen
by a fictional ant.
We must also consider how
reading the novel “in that sense” impacts our
understanding of the text as a whole: it is a “picture of antdom […] essentially
true to fact,” but also the “product” of an “ant’s imagination” and “pure fiction”
(8). It has also been “communicated to” and translated by a human (25). The
mediation of the ant’s story is
explicit; it is not a
direct
expression of her
consciousness but a human impression of it. The distinction cannot be
overlooked as it provides a strategy for both disrupting the ‘accuracy’ of the text
and maintaining the imagined agency of the ant. It is F.P.G. who claims to
know
the ant, not Grove. Again, he is protected from
‘nature faking’ accusations by
distancing his authorial voice. In an essay otherwise preoccupied with allegory
and anthropomorphism
—disregarding wholly the possibility of reading these
ants
as ants
—Salvatore Proietti remarks: “Only by feeling directly from inside
the Other’s
experience, only by going beyond the mediation of language and
the barrier of an irremediably mendacious subjectivity, can real knowledge be
attained” (369). This is true of F.P.G. (if we read the novel “in that sense”) but in
order for the reader to experienc
e this “real knowledge”
it must return to the
“mediation of language.” Thus, it becomes an interpretation. Indeed Grove
opens the introduction by stating that all knowledge of nonhumans is mediated
by the bias of the human observer: “according as the human-race conceit of the
investigator was strongly or weakly developed, the behaviour of these insects,
Allmark-Kent 204
especially ants, was placed either in contrast or
in comparison with the
behaviour of man” (12). Therefore, we can regard
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