Surgical debridement
Surgical debridement is done in the operating theatre, often
by a surgeon. It offers instant results and involves complete
debridement of the wound bed down to healthy viable tissue.
However, it can result in a larger wound, as some viable
tissue may be sacrificed. Surgical debridement often requires
a form of anaesthetic to ensure a pain-free intervention with
continued analgesia. It is associated with increased costs due
to being performed in a theatre environment.
Hydrosurgery
Hydrosurgery involves the use of pressurised water or saline
as a cutting tool through a disposable handset. It provides
a quick method of debridement, which is selective, but it
can be painful for patients, occasionally requiring local or
regional anaesthetic.
Hydrosurgery can be done in a non-theatre environment,
such as a treatment room, but caution is needed due to the
water vapour spray and potential for cross-contamination;
protective clothing and goggles need to be warn. Hydrosurgery
can be costly due to the price of the disposable handset, but
it is still less costly than surgical debridement because it does
not require theatre time.
Conclusion
Debridement is considered an essential part of wound-bed
preparation, removing the barriers that impede wound
healing. However, currently there is no robust evidence to
support one technique of debridement over another—
ultimately, the choice of which method to use rests on the
expertise and judgement of the clinician (Falabella, 2006).
Practitioners need to be fully aware of all options of
debridement, as suboptimal care can lead to delayed healing,
increased pain, increased risk of infection and inappropriate
use of wound dressings, all of which affect a patient’s quality
of life (Ousey and Cook, 2011). Patients with chronic
wounds face a number of issues, such as pain, restrictions in
mobility, social isolation and psychological problems (Franks
and Moffatt, 1999). Care planning needs to incorporate all
these issues while simultaneously preparing the wound bed
for healing, as the ultimate goal in wound management is to
improve a patient’s overall quality of life.
BJN
Conflict of interest: none
Broadus C (2013) Debridement options: BEAMS made easy. Wound Care
Advisor 2(2): 15–18
Collier M (2003) The elements of wound assessment. NursingTimesNet
1 April 2003. http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursing-practice/clinical-
zones/wound-care/the-elements-of-wound-assessment/205546.article
(accessed 9 June 2014)
European Wound Management Association (EWMA) (2004) Wound
Bed Preparation in Practice. http://www.woundsinternational.com/pdf/
content_49.pdf (accessed 9 June 2014)
KEY POINTS
In chronic wounds, healing is often delayed by inadequate debridement
Management of a wound involves continual effective holistic assessment and
ongoing evaluation of the patient
Debridement is considered an essential part of wound-bed preparation,
removing the barriers that impede wound healing
For practitioners to consider accelerating healing through debridement, they
must be equipped with the appropriate knowledge and skills
The ultimate goal in wound management is to improve the patient’s overall
quality of life
Reprinted article #2.qxp_Layout 1 23/09/2014 10:40 Page 3
© 2014 MA Healthcar
e Ltd
This article is reprinted from the British Journal of Nursing, 2014 (Tissue Viability Supplement), Vol 23, No 12
Falabella AF (2006) Debridement and wound bed preparation. Dermatol Ther
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