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AMERICAN ENLIGHTENMENT PERIOD LITERATURE.
Peculiarities of American Enlightenment Period literature (1776-1820).
The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the mid-
to-late 18th century (1715–1789). Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the
humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to
human nature, society, and religion. The most important leaders of the American Enlightenment include
Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and James Wilson.
The 18
th
-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by an emphasis on
rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious
dogma, and
representative government in place of monarchy. Enlightenment thinkers and writers were devoted to
the ideals of justice, liberty, and equality as the natural rights of man.
By the middle of the 1700s, American prose was first political. Many 18th-century thinkers
believed in the ability of reason to control human destiny and improve the human condition, an
enormous change from the belief in predestination that broadly speaking characterized the 17th century.
In America as well as in Western Europe, the 18th century was known as the Age of Enlightenment. In
the American colonies, Enlightenment thought was expressed chiefly through political discourse.
American thinkers stressed a growing belief in the supremacy of reason over church doctrine; they also
emphasized the importance of the individual and freedom over and above established authorities and
institutions. America's great Enlightenment writers— Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine, and Thomas
Jefferson—also played major roles in the American Revolution.