1 republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher and secondary specialised education

Basic concepts of the subject: 
Lexical- grammatical category, grammatical category, primary 
grammatical category, secondary grammatical category, category of 
number, category of case, purely lexical , semantic category, masculine 
gender, feminine gender, neuter gender, animate objects, inanimate 
objects, stem- building elements, linguistic peculiarities 
 
A noun (from Latin nomen, literally name) is a word that functions 
as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living 
creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas. The 
noun is a primary grammatical category.We don’t characterize the noun 
according to its meaning. Thus actions and states of existence can also 
be expressed by verbs , qualities by adjectives, places by adverbs. 
Linguistically, a noun is a member of a large, open part of speech whose 
members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the 
object of a verb, or the object of preposition. In English nouns are those 
words which can be used with articles and attributive adjectives. In 
English, some modern authors use the word ‘substantive’ to refer to a 
class that includes both nouns (single words) and noun phrases ( 
multiword units, also called noun equivalents). It can also be used as a 
counterpart to ‘attributive’ when distinguishing between a noun being 
used as 
the head
( main word) of a noun phrase and a noun being used 
as 
a noun
adjunct
, for ex., the noun ‘knee’ can be said to be used
‘substantively’ in: 
my knee
hurts
, but ‘attributively’ in
: the patient 
needed
knee replacement
. Nouns form a large proportion of the 
English and Uzbek vocabulary. Nouns can name a person (Albert 
Einstein, doctor, mother), a place ( Disneyland, England, bedroom), 
things, activities, concepts, processes , even hypothetical or imaginary 

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phenomenon. 
Noun belongs to the notional parts of speech and should be 
characterized according to the following criteria which was suggested 
by the famous Russian linguist L.V. Sherba: 
Meaning 
Form
Function
Nouns have grammatical categories of case, number and 
definiteness/indefiniteness in English , in Uzbek nouns have the 
categories of case, number and the category of possession.