15. Speak on the Objective Participial (with Participle 1 and Participle 2 Construction and its syntactic function.
The objective participial construction consists of a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the objective case and participle 1 forming a syntactical complex, the two main components are in predicative relationship. Since the construction always follows transitive verbs, its syntactical function is that of a complex object.
The construction is generally used with non-perfect Participle 1 active and occasionally it occurs with Participle 1 passive.
e.g. I could see the decision being taken.
The objective participial construction is used
a) with verbs of sense perception (to see, to hear, to find, to catch, to smell, to observe, to notice, to discover, to look (at), to listen (to), to feel)
e.g. We found him working in the garden.
b) with various verbs of causative meaning (have, get, keep, set, start)
e.g. Your words set me thinking.
c) Occasionally with verbs expressing wish (to want, to like)
e.g. They didn’t like me leaving so early.
The objective participial construction with Participle 2 consists of a noun in the common case or a personal pronoun in the objective case and Participle 2, forming a syntactical complex, in which the 2 main components are in a predicative relationship. The construction functions as a complex object to transitive verbs, mainly verbs
of a causative meaning (to have, to get, to make)
e.g. You must have your hair cut.
Besides the causative meaning suggesting inducement, sentences with the verb to have may occasionally express experience or possession, Participle 2 emphasizing the resulting state as in:
e.g. I have my task done. (Моё задание выполнено). If the action is emphasized, the perfect form is preferable. e.g. I have done my task. (Я выполнил задание).
b) of physical perception (to see, to hear, to feel, to find)
e.g. We found the door locked.
c) of wish e.g. We prefer the letters answered by the chief.
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