BAABA ANA TALISI ANA BUKI
Misima Dictionary
Compiled by Sandra Callister and others
Illustrated by Elijah Fifita, Michael Harrar and others
Misima Language
Summer Institute of Linguistics, Ukarumpa, Papua New Guinea
2
Reprinted 1987
Revised and Reprinted 2005
Printed by the SIL Printshop, Ukarumpa, EHP
Papua New Guinea
ISBN 9980-0-3055-0
3
BAABA HOUWAN
Buki ya baaba ana talisi ana buki inoke pana Misima vilanina
enuna ha teli ginebi ge lahena pana Dimdim. Vilan hi gewi nabi
analaa inoke nige i bosowaina gegewena naha telitukan, vilan
bwabwatal awawal ya. Tabam vilan ali gewi 900 ge pwatanaa
iyahe buki ya gamwanaa.
Buki ya ana tuwalali ga i ola? Ebo nuwam bugul etega ana leleli
o ebo ana sipelin (spelling) nu atena inoke vilan nu kite buki
gamwanaa. Bugul etega al, avalau enuna pana Dimdim hi atena
ge nuwaliya al anala nihi atena. Nasi buki ya ni label.
Ebo nuwam vilan etega nu pwawa abaloya labui iyahe buki ya
gamwanaa. Vilan enuna ha teli alonau alonau ali boda ona
gamwaliya. I ola huwe: Bwasumu alaliya ha teli pamaisena
(lamwa 12), tuwala ginolina alaliya ha teli pamaisena (lamwa 10),
inoke i ola al vilan wali boda enuna al iyahe. Abaloya labuina i
gan kaiwena baaba ha teli ge ha vatal i ola alpabet ana vatal
(alphabetical order).
Anala bugul bwabwatana. Buki ya nasi ni labela inoke anala ta
atena bubun ge inoke al natulau ta pankitel bubun.
PREFACE
This dictionary contains over 900 words in the Misiman language,
together with their meanings in English. The Misima language is
spoken by 20,000 people living on Misima Island, Panaeyati
Island and the islands of the Calvados Chain in Milne Bay
Province, Papua New Guinea.
This dictionary can be used by Misiman speakers to check on the
spelling of their language and to find the corresponding English
words. It can be used by English speakers to find the meaning of
Misimn words, and to learn how to speak Misiman. For this
reason a list of useful expressions in Misiman and an introduction
to the grammar of Misima have been included.
4
Misiman speakers are proud of their language and culture. It is
hoped that this dictionary will help in the development of the
Misiman language and culture.
ABALOYA
Lamwa
1. Anala ana Alpabet ge ana Hago
6
2. Mulolu, Nel ge Nel Lahena ali Baaba
6
3. Vilan Ha Telipamaisena wali Boda elana 8
3.1 Gamagal Bala
8
3.2 Hatawela Bana
9
3.3 Tuwala Ginolina Alaliya
10
3.4 Aanan Alaliya
11
3.5 Bwasumu Alaliya
12
3.6 Bugul ana Kala ge ana Hul Bana
12
3.7 Bugul Ali Gewi Bana
13
3.8 Bugul Ga I Mimina Bana
14
3.9 Ga I Noek Bana
15
3.10 Tab I Waisi o ebo I Nak Bana
16
3.11 Panayawi Bugulina Alaliya
17
3.12 Bugul Ta Giginolil Alaliya
17
4. Pana Misima ana Gelama (Grammar)
20
5. Vilan Ha Vatal Alpabet ana Vatal Elana
27
(Pana Misima i na Pana Dimdim elana)
6. Vilan Ha Vatal Alpabet ana Vatal Elana
79
(Pana Dimdim i na Pana Misima elana)
5
CONTENTS
Page
BAABA HOUWAN ............................................................................... 3
PREFACE ........................................................................................... 3
ABALOYA............................................................................................ 4
CONTENTS......................................................................................... 5
1.
SOUNDS AND ALPHABET ....................................................... 6
2.
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS.......................................................... 6
3.
WORDS GROUPED ACCORDING TO MEANING................... 8
3.1 Names of people
8
3.2 Relatives
9
3.3 Parts of the Body
10
3.4 Food Items
11
3.5 Names of Animals
12
3.6 Shapes and Colours
12
3.7 Quantities
13
3.8 Positions
14
3.9 Directions and Locations
15
3.10 Descriptives
16
3.11 Natural Objects
17
3.12 Manufactured Items
17
4.
GRAMMAR (the way words are put together) ......................... 19
4.
GRAMMAR (the way words are put together) ......................... 20
4.1 Word Order
20
4.2 Words used with Verbs
20
4.3 Prepositions
23
4.4 Negatives
23
4.5 Possession
24
4.6 Plurals
25
4.7 Adjectives
26
5.
Misima-English Dictionary ....................................................... 27
6.
English-Misima Dictionary ....................................................... 80
6
1. SOUNDS AND ALPHABET
The following are the consonants used in the Misiman
language:b,d,g,h,l,m,n,p,s,t,v,w,y,bw,pw,mw,
The consonant sounds are similar to English, except for v which
is said with the two lips together.
The vowel sounds are as follows -
a as in father e.g. matana "his eye"
e as in pet e.g. atena "his heart"
i as in seek e.g. dimdim "European"
o as in corn (Australian dialect) e.g. yova "woman"
u as in lute e.g. tubuna "his grandfather"
No marks have been placed on the words to show which part is
stressed, or said the loudest. Usually the stress goes to the
second-last syllable of a word, but this can change in the context
of a sentence. It is important to get someone who knows Misiman
to say the words. Listen to them carefully and mimic the way
they pronounce the words.
2. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
ateu owa
a greeting which means "hello" or "thank you"
mweluluga "morning"mweluluga waiwaisana “Good
morning”
kokoyavi "afternoon"
alalati
a greeting at about the middle of the day
eeu
"goodbye"
kaiyoni "goodbye"
Ga u nana?
"Where are you going?"
7
Alam (w) ek?
"What is your name?"
Alau ....
"My name is ..."
U ba al. "Say
it
again."
Ya nana eyowa.
"I am going to the garden."
Hauna gun e?
“What is this?”
Buki te. “This
is
a
book.”
Hauna u giginol?
"What are you doing?"
Hauna sauga hi nem?
"When did they come?"
Hauna kaiwena i nem?
"Why did he come?"
I nem kaiwem.
"He came because for you."
Henala owa?
"Who
are
you?"
Henala wana bugul?
"Whose is that?"
Nau elau.
"It's
mine."
Hauna toto nuwam?
"Which one do you want?"
Toto ya o toto yaka?
"This one or that one?"
Ga i ola?
"What?"/"What's wrong?"/"What do you want?"
Ga na ginol ola?
"What will I do then?"/"How do I do it?"
Ga i ola ge ta liga?
"Why did we cook this?"
Ga ta liga ola?
"How do we cook it?"
Wam nuwatu ga i ola?
"What do you think?"
Amnam ga i ola?
"How do you feel?"/
"Are you sick?"
Nigeya. "No."
Nige i bosowaina.
"It's not possible."/ "No, I can't."
Bahiwa.
"Don't."
Bahi nu ola.
"Don't
do
that."
Nuwau bagiyewa.
"I want a coconut."
Nige nuwau.
"I don't want to."
Nige wam bugul i oola.
"That's not yours."
8
Ya walem.
"I'm
thirsty."
Ya galebu.
"I'm
hungry."
Kehe i lau.
"It's
raining."
Nolu.
"Yesterday."
Bwaligumwa.
"Tomorrow."
Wik i nenem.
"Next week."
Bwaliga.
"Later on."
Valila.
"before; a while ago."
Sauga gegewena. "All
the
time."
Sauga etega.
"One time."
Sauga kekeisi.
"In a little while."
3. WORDS GROUPED ACCORDING TO
MEANING
3.1 Names of people
As will be noticed below, Misimans use synonyms. One object
may have two or more words that stand for it. e.g. "fire" can be
expressed in at least 5 ways in Misiman - kaya, bela, hiwo, dika,
ginaha. Different villages often use different words, usually
because of the practice of tabooing words that sound like the
names of dead persons.
Most of the following words have both singular and plural forms.
dimdim European,
foreigner;
dimdimwau
galok
girl, young girl
gamagal person,
people
geman
boy, young boy
heval
young man, young fellow
nevenak
lady, matron, middle-aged woman
9
tau
man,
male
bolau men
toliki
old person (no plural)
tonowak
gentleman, middle-aged ,man.
vaini
woman,
female
wawaya child
yova
woman,
female
yowau women
Examples of usage
Gamagal hi gewi wewela.
"There are lots of people at the river."
Tau iyaka i liki.
"The man is already old."
Note that the prefix to- (which goes on the front of verbs and
makes them into nouns) has the meaning "the person who.."
e.g. tokasiyebwa
a person who is sick, a sick person
totuwalali
a person who works, a worker
3.2 Relatives
See Possession 5.2 for endings for the names of relatives.
Exceptions are noted below.
hinala
our mother
nain my
mother
tamana her
father
nam my
father
lagona
her spouse, wife, husband
natuna
his offspring, child, son, daughter
nubaina
her cousin, mother's brother's child, father's sister's
child (of a different clan)
nuna
his sister, her brother
talina
his brother, her sister
tubuna
his grandfather, grandmother, grandchild. (used
also as a term of respect for the old.)
tutuna
relative on the mother's side, of the same clan
toliki
10
wana valehe
her uncle, mother's brother
wana gan
his sister's son
wana gamalok
his sister's daughter
yawana
her in-law e.g. son-in-law, father-in-law
Examples of usage:
Natu i kasiyebwa.
"My child is sick."
Heliya tamaliya maisena hinaliyau tomaha.
"They have the same father but different mothers."
3.3 Parts of the Body
See Possession 5.5 for endings used with the names for the parts
of the body.
(The following are all 3
rd
person singular.)
aena
foot,
leg
atena
liver, heart
babagalina chest
buhuna nose
eputetena backbone,
back
hulina breasts;
mother’s milk
kaununa head
kokowana head
maninina face
matana eye
memena tongue
nimana
hand, leg
ninina
teeth, tooth
pinina backside,
bottom
tanana
ear
tinena intestines,
stomach
tuwana skin,
body
Examples of usage:
Aem, u pasapu"Straighten your legs."
Matau i kenukenu. "My eyes are sleeping."/"I'm sleepy."
11
3.4 Food Items
These words have no plural form.
aanan
The
real
aanan refers to la, a kind of yam. The
word is generally used of all root vegetables and by
extension, also means all food.
bagiyewa/niu coconut
boge/bwamosi pawpaw
bonubonu/sisigelu pumpkin
gegeulina/putete sweet
potato
hela
kind of nut (reddish, kidney-shaped on the outside)
hogaeya/sakaiya
the Lesser Yam. Elongated in shape, it has
brown skin with lots of roots and fibrousy, white flesh within.
kabole
sago,
sago
tree
kauli
lime (chewed with betel)
kidikidi Taro Kongkong
kiki
sugar
cane
kinai
kind of nut; galip nut (Tok Pisin)
la
the Greater Yam. It is large, rounded, with
a thick brown or grey skin, and white,
orange or purple flesh.
lehi
betel
nut
moyobe tapioca, cassava
muka
pepper plant (eaten
with betel nut,
commonly called
‘mustard’)
suwa
banana
yawa
taro
Examples of usage:
Niu suina "coconut juice"
Wala bonubonu iyoho eyowaa
"We have pumpkins in our garden."
lehi
12
3.5 Names of Animals
bebebi
butterfly
bekik
wild pig
bobu
pig
bulumwakau cow, bull
bwasumu bird,
animal
dogi/wanuka dog
gaga
head
lice
gogosi
prawn
kamkam hen,
rooster
koiman red
ant
kokoleko rooster,
hen
kuiba
shellfish
moti
fish
mwata
snake
nimu
mosquito
nou
stonefish
sapwasapwa sandfly/
mosquito
sikokoi rat
(though
can also refer
to lizard)
uluulu
fly
Examples of usage:
Koiman i talau. "The red ants bit me."
Kokoleko i kahin."The rooster is crowing."
3.6 Shapes and Colours
The following words are all verbs but adjectives can be formed
from most of them. See Adjectives 5.7
alalavi
thin, (e.g. of
clothes)
balu thick
giligili thin,
skinny
tabwa
fat
bombom round
bwata/bwaya big
alawa yellow to green
biki purple,
blue,
black; dirty
ket/laguman red to orange
yanayana white/shining
wawakeki white
13
kekeisi
small, little
manamana
wide/broad
yapu
long
Examples of usage:
Ana awa ga i ola?
"What does it look like?"
Gamagal toto i giligili.
"That person is thin, skinny."
3.7 Quantities
awalehina/awahinena half,
part
besena enough
ehila
how many (in a question)
a few (in a statement)
enuna
some
etega a,
other,
another
bwalibwaligena
all, the whole
gegewena all,
every
i gewi a
lot
nige i gagan there
is
none
Examples of usage:
Wakai bwalibwaligena u pem, bahi awahinena ya.
“Give me all of the breadfruit, not just part/half.”
Ehila ya te i mina.
“There’s just a few left.”
14
Numbers
etega/maisena
one, 1
esiwa
six, 6
eluwa/labui
two, 2
ewon
seven, 7
eton
three,
3 epit
eight, 8
epat/esopali
four, 4
ewata
nine, 9
enima/nimala panuna
five, 5
elulutega
ten, 10
Generally most people use the English forms of the numbers,
especially the young people.
Examples of usage :
Wam bobu ehila? "How many pigs do you have?"
No bobu eton. "I have three pigs."
Lehi etega u pem, na ol. "Give me a betel nut to chew."
3.8 Positions
mala
inside
awa
the inside (of a
truck)
gamwana its
inside,
the
inside of
awona
its front, in
front
gabulana underneath,
its
underneath
gunina
its bottom
maleleya inside
(house)
bebena
at the edge of,
its edge
tola outside
ena
its back, behind
pwatana
its top, at the top
noleleya outside
(house)
labena
its side, beside
When these are applied to people, the words have the possessive
endings added to them (See Possession 5.5)
e.g. emwa
"at the back of you, behind you"
pwataliya
"on top of them"
Examples of usage:
U halahala limi gabulanaa. "Sweep under the house."
U teliya teibol pwatanaa. "Put it on top of the table."
3.9 Directions and Locations
There are four main directions in the Misiman language.
nati east
pai west
nola towards
the
sea
mala towards
the
bush,
landwards, inland
The meaning of nola and mala can differ when away from the
‘mainland’ of Misima e.g. on one of the smaller islands, mala can
refer to Misima Island.
The corresponding verbs used to talk about direction are:
i hek
she went east
i lok he went west
i tagilik
it went towards the sea
i tukik she went inland
Some other directions are:
aluwab north
coast
awona
its right side
paiya/paveya down/below
i lau she went/ goes down
hiwe
over
here
yavana south
coast
gegebana
its left side
natiya
up/above
i ha
he went/goes up
hiwo/huwo over
there
16
iyahe
here
ula/uleya to/in/at
the
bush
iyaho/yoho there
hogaa
to the sea
luwaluwana/nuwanuwana in the middle of
3.10 Descriptives
The words given below are all verbs. See Adjectives 5.7 to find
out how to make adjectives from verbs.
beyaunana old, long ago
bila wet
but blunt
esowal slow,
late
pulowan heavy,
difficult
gasisi strong,
hard
kalakalas/waiwai hot
hogahoga sour
nak bad,
evil
molu well,
healthy,
alive
vavaluna new
kevakeva dry
imu
sharp
mweyaha light,
fast,
easy
pweyata weak,
lazy
meimei soft,
graceful
tultul
cold
luvi
sweet
waisi/waina good
aliga dead,
withered
Examples of Usage
I waisi. "That's good/okay/alright."
E, gegewema ha molu. "Yes, we're all well."
17
3.11 Natural Objects
abwab flat
land
alalati
noon
bagol
wave
bilibili
dirt, ground
bulin
night,
evening
ebwakil tree,
firewood
eku/pat stone,
rock
enona
its fruit
gilesa
sand, gravel
gol
hole
hoga
sea
kehe
rain
kokoyavi afternoon
labulabum sky,
heaven
la branch
lamwa
leaf
lan
day
lebwalebwa cliff
leuleu
breeze, wind
mana
wind
mula
flower
mwawin grass,
plant
mweluluga morning
oya
mountain
putum
star
sabwelu sun
sauga
time, season
taval
island
waikena moon,
month
wewel
water, river
yaluyalu cloud
Examples of Usage
Kehe i lau, abwe i mainum. "It
rained and then it was fine."
Sabwelu i gasisi. "The sun is hot."
3.12 Manufactured Items
awan hamlet,
village
baba wall
bakubaku cleared
area
around house
bela/hiwo/kaiya/diga fire
bil
roof of house/
sago leaves used
for roof of house
18
bobot necklace
bugul thing/item
buki book
bwalal
floor (of house)
egowa
food basket
carried on the
head
ehala broom
eyowa garden
gana fence
ginaha fire
halan/limi house
helagi sewn
sleeping
mat
huwal comb
kaini knife
kaliko material/
clothes
kamwasa/kela
path, way, road
kasu smoke
laewa
pandanus,
pandanus mat
loba grass
skirt
mwaha
wooden dish,
plate
nabwa
basket (for betel
nut)/bag
panuwa place, village,
home
sidai drum
sitowa store
sivi
loin cloth (made
of pandanus
leaves)
tapwalolo church, worship
tovaha
armlet
ulun clay
pot
waga boat,
canoe
yawon fishing
line
Examples of Usage
Limi hi taltal.
"They are building a house."
Yawon ta ahe ta na ta koskos.
"Let's get the fishing line and go fishing."
Kaya ta ton.
Let's light a fire."
nabwa
tiltil
19
limi
20
4.
GRAMMAR (the way words are put together)
4.1 Word Order
Misimans usually put the verb last in a sentence. The order is as
follows:
Subject Object Verb
e.g. Tonowakau bobu hi lol
The men pig they kill.
"The men killed the pig."
But when a place or location is included, this part goes after the
verb
e.g. Tonowakau bobu hi lol panuwaa.
“The men killed the pig in the village.”
(See also under 5.3 Prepositions)
4.2 Words used with Verbs
•
a. Words used before verbs
There are two sets of words that are used before verbs to say who
did the action. The first set are used when speaking about things
that are happening now or happened in the past.
ya nok
I went
u nok
you (s) went
i nok
he/she/it
went
ta nok
we (including the listener) went
ha nok
we (not including the listener) went
ku nok
you (plural) went
hi nok
they went
21
When we talk about things that are unreal because they have not
happened yet, we use slightly different forms (this corresponds
roughly with future tense in English and is called irrealous):
na nok
I will go
nu nok
you (s) will go
ni nok
he/she/it will go
ta nok
we (incl.) will go
naha nok
we (excl.) will go
nuku nok
you (plural) will go
nihi nok
they will go
•
b. Endings on Verbs
There are some verbs which can take an object. Often the object
is shown by an ending which is added to the verb.
e.g. lol
"to hit, strike"
hi lol-au
"they hit me"
hi lol-iwa
"they hit you(s)"
hi lol
"they hit him/her/it"
hi lol-ila
"they hit us (incl.)"
hi lol-ima
"they hit us (excl.)"
hi lol-imiu
"they hit you (pl.)"
hi lol-il
"they hit them"
Other verbs which take an object have slightly different endings:
e.g. tataluwai
"to leave behind"
hi tataluw-agau
"they left me"
hi tataluw-agiwa
"they left you(s)"
hi tataluw-an/ai
"they left him/her/it"
hi tataluw-agila
"they left us (incl.)"
hi tataluw-agima
"they left us (excl.)"
hi tataluw-agimiu
"they left you (pl.)"
hi tataluw-agil
"they left them"
22
Some verbs take endings which show the direction of the action
e.g. pek "give (away from the speaker)", pwatanik "take (away
from the speaker)", lok "go away in a westerly direction", hek
"go away in an easterly direction" etc.
hi pem
"they give to me/us"
hi pewa
"they give to you (s)/you (pl.)
hi pek
"they give to him/her/it/them"
Verbs which express movement can show that there are a lot of
people doing the aciton by adding the ending -an
e.g. egon
"to depart, leave",
hi egon "they
went,
left"
hi egonan
"they all went, left"
lau
"to go down"
hi lau
"they went down"
hi lowan
"they all went down"
ha
"to go up"
hi ha
"they went up"
hi heyan
"they all went up"
Sometimes the endings can be combined:
hi tagil
"they went out"
hi tagil-an
"they all went out"
hi tagil-an-im "they all came out (to me) towards the sea."
23
4.3 Prepositions
When we are going, coming, taking, bringing, giving, sending etc.
to/at/in/from someone or something, we use the following set of
pronouns:
elau/eliyau
"to/at/in/from
me
elam/eliyam
"to/at/in/from you (s.)
elana/eliyana
"to (etc.) him/her/it
elala/eliyala
"to (etc.) us (incl.)
elama/eliyama
"to (etc.) us excl.)
elamiu/eliyamiu
"to (etc.) you (pl.)
elal/eliyalil
"to (etc.) them
These words go after the verb, showing location.
e.g. Bobu u pek elana
"Give the pig meat to him."
If the name of the person is mentioned, then the pronoun comes
afte the noun it refers to.
e.g. Bobu u pek wawaya elana. "Give the pig meat to the
child."
Another way of expressing location of things is to add -a to the
word e.g. halan "house"; halana "to (etc.) the house." This last
syllable is also said the loudest (it carries the stress in the word).
If the word already ends in -a, then an extra ‘a’ is added e.g. hoga
"sea"; hogaa' "to (etc.) the sea.”
4.4 Negatives
When a sentence contains a negative, the first syllable of the verb
is doubled.
e.g. Nasi ni nem.
"He will come today."
Nasi nige ni nenem
"He will not come today."
Bahi ni nenem.
"He shouldn't come."
24
4.5 Possession
In Misiman, there are three ways of showing possession, or one
thing belonging to another. When the person is a relative of
someone else or when the thing is physically attached or part of
something or someone else, then a special ending is added to the
word.
talin
"brother"
tali –u
"my brother"
tali –m
"your (s) brother"
tali –na
"his/her/its brother"
tali –la
"our (incl.) brother"
tali –ma "our
(excl.)
brother"
tali –miu
"your (pl.) brother"
tali –liya "their
brother"
Examples of Usage
gamagal tubuna
"the person's grandfather"
niu suina
"coconut juice"
matau suina i lau "I
cried."
b. When we talk about someone's food or something that belongs
to a thing (inanimate object) we use the forms of the word ana.
e.g. suwa "banana"
o suwa
"my banana (that I'm going to eat)"
am suwa
"your (s) banana"
ana suwa "his/her/its
banana"
ala suwa "our
(incl.)
banana"
ama suwa "our
(excl.)
banana"
ami suwa
"your (pl.) banana"
ali suwa "their
banana"
25
e.g. tonowak ana kabole "the sago that the man will eat"
hoga ana kamwasa "the road to the sea"
c. Similarly, when we talk about things belonging to people, we
use the forms of the word wana.
e.g. limi "house"
no limi
"my house"
wam limi
"your (s) house"
wana limi "his/her/its
house"
wala limi "our
(incl.)
house"
wama limi "our
(excl.)
house"
wami limi
"your (pl.) house"
wali limi "their
house"
e.g. tonowak wana bobu "the man's pigs"
But note the exception to the above rules:
wana valehe "his uncle (mother's brother)"
wana gel "her elbow"
4.6 Plurals
Plural forms are usually only added to words standing for people.
The plural ending is -au.
e.g. gamagal "person" gamagalau "people"
When the plural ending is added to words that already have an
ending for possession, there are slight changes as follows:
tali-wau
"my brothers"
tali-mwau
"your (s) brothers"
tali-nau "his/her/its
brothers"
tali-lau "our
(incl.)
brothers"
tali-meyau "our
(excl.)
brothers"
tali-miyau
"your (pl.) brothers"
tali-liyau
"their brothers"
26
4.7 Adjectives
To form adjectives, we take the first syllable of the verb, double it
and then add - na.e.g.
balu "be
thick" buki babalona
"a thick book"
bwata "be big"
limi bwabwatana
"a big house"
biki "be
black" kaliko bibikena "dirty
clothes"
Note that if the verb ends in -u or - i these change to o and e
before adding the ending - na. Adjectives come after the word
they describe
sailau
27
5. Misima-English
Dictionary
A - a
ab
birth to (to give), bear (a
child)
.
aba
place where something is
done (prefix)
.
aba-
tuwalali
workplace/job
abatuk
entrance
abamisiyo
seat
aban
place, spot
.
Abam te.
This is your place.
abavavasili
school
.
abubun
tidy up, straighten
things up
.
Limi gamwana
ga na abubun.
I will tidy
the house first.
abulilek
believe, faith, faith,
have
.
Wana baaba nige
ya aabulilekan kaiwena
iya tokakakawi.
I
do not believe her
words because she is a
liar.
Wala abulilek ta tal
pagasisi.
We should
make our faith strong.
abut
wipe, wipe down
.
Kaliko
u pem teibol na abut.
Give me the cloth and I
will wipe the table.
abwalik
tree, wood (piece of),
firewood
.
abwe
after, afterwards, later
(with irrealis aspect), just
(with realis aspect)
.
Abwe na nem.
I'll come
later.
Abwe ha nem ya.
We only just came.
aen
foot, leg
.
Aeu i bon.
My
foot has a sore on it.
ae
right (is that)?
Nolu i
nem, age?
He came
yesterday, didn't he?
ahi
get, collect, take, receive
.
Malaliya i aheyau.
I have
malaria.
Na na eyowaa
aanan na ahi.
I will go to
the garden and get food
ai
tree, wood
.
al
another, again
.
Buki
etega al u pem.
Give me
another book.
al e
too, also, as well
.
Yowane i kasiyebwa,
Elimo al ge.
John is sick,
Elimo is too.
alalati
middle part of
the day, noon
.
alalavena
thin (of things)
.
Wana kaliko alalavena
hot.
Her dress is very
thin.
alalavi
thin, be
Kaliko i
alalavi hot.
The dress is
very thin.
alan
name
.
Galok alana hi tun
Ludi.
They called the girl
Ludi.
Alamwek?
What is
your name?
Tau ya iya
alana i bwaya.
This man
is well-known.
alawa
yellow, green (in colour)
.
Ebo gamagal ni
kasiyebwa, ge abwe ni
molu, ana awa i alawa
sailau
28
hot.
If someone is sick
and then they get well,
they look quite yellow.
Niu enuna alalawana.
Some coconuts (are)
yellow in colour.
alia
faint, dead, unconscious
.
Tamana i nibihi,
kelaubwa ni aliga.
His
father beat him, he was
almost unconscious.
Tuwau i aliga.
I am tired
(my body is faint/dead).
alihin
throw
.
Bol u alialihin,
nau na kinapoho.
You
throw the ball, I'll catch
it.
aliyoho
throw away (something
solid)
.
U na ga
musamusa nu aliyoho
hogaa.
Go and throw the
rubbish away in the sea.
alolon
marriage, marry, get
married, wedding
.
Hi
yogaagima ha na ha
ulutuk wali alolon
eliyana.
They invited us
and we went to their
wedding.
Tau ya henala
alona hi alolon?
Who is
this man married to?
alon
together with
.
Alowau ge
no heliyamwau ha na
pai.
My friends and I
went in a westerly
direction.
alutan
perspire, sweat
.
Ebo
sabwelu ni gasisi nasi ta
alutan.
If the sun is hot
we will perspire.
aluwab
north coast
.
Siagara
iyoho Misima aluwabwa.
(The village of) Siagara
is on the north coast of
Misima.
am
tie, tie up
.
ama
we (excluding the
listener), us
.
amnan
taste, feeling
.
Aanan
amnana i waisi.
The
food tastes good.
Amnau
i nak.
I 'm not feeling
well (I'm feeling bad).
amwaliu
warm oneself (at a
fire, in the sun)
.
Toliki i
amwaamwaligu sabwelu
elana.
The old man was
warming himself in the
sun.
an
eat
.
Nuwau siyaya na an.
I want to eat siyaya.
aanan
food, yams
.
anan
voice, language
.
Anana
tab u hago?
Did you hear
her voice?
Losel analiya i
getoga hot.
The Rossel
Island language is very
different.
apanak
spoil, destroy, corrupt,
waste
.
Bobu kamwasa hi
apapanakan.
The pigs
have messed up the path.
Bahi wala sauga waiwai-
sana ta aapanak.
Don't
let's waste our
opportunity.
apwayowa
cockatoo (white
with a yellow comb
.)
atena
liver, heart
.
Ateu owa.
You are my heart (thank
you, greeting).
Ateu i
you.
I was surprised.
atena
know, understand;know-
ledge, understanding
.
29
Bugul gegewena i atena
haba.
She already knows
everything.
Wana atena i
mweyaha.
She learns
quickly.
auha
weed (a garden etc)
.
Ya
na eyowa ya auha yaka i
mwananal.
I went and
weeded the garden, so it
is clear/clean.
avan
wrap around
.
awa
face, looks, appearance
.
Ana awa i waisi.
She
looks nice.
awainol
work at, making
(be)
.
Guledau etega i
awa-awaginol.
He is
making a canoe.
awalehin
half, part of, chapter
in a book
.
Kabis ta hu,
awalehina nau, awale-
hina owa.
Let's cut the
cabbage, I'll have half,
you have half.
Buki
awalehina eit nu kite.
Look at chapter eight of
the book.
awan
village, hamlet
.
Wala
awan nige i bwabwata
yaa gamagal ta gewi
hot.
Our hamlet is not
big but there are a lot of
us.
awan
mouth
.
Awana i
mwapwela.
His mouth is
open.
Awam ana toabina
Your followers (the ones
who give birth to your
mouth)
awanun
ask for, request, beg,
pray
.
I na lehi i awanun
tubuna elana.
He went
and asked for betel nut
from his grandson.
Hi
awanunima tage naha
label suga naha pek
elal.
They asked us to
help them by giving them
sugar.
Wala awanun
iyaka i paolaola-ek.
They have fulfilled our
request.
Wali sauga
awaawanun limi tapwa-
lolo elana.
It was their
time for praying in the
church.
awapunipuni
copy, imitate
.
Tonowak wana nawa-
nawa hi awapunipunian.
They were imitating the
man's walk.
awatautau
dishonour, notice
(take no ~ of)
.
awatauwan
respect, honour
.
awenuwa
greens for cooking
.
awon
right hand, right leg, right
side of someone, front of
someone, (in) front of
something
.
Awona i noek
bugul etega al elana.
He
is concen-trating on (his
front is going to)
something else.
30
B - b
ba
say, speak
.
I ba, "Bahi ga
nuku egon."
He said,
"Don't go yet."
Aanan
bana ya baba.
I am
talking about the food.
ba mulolu
thank you, greeting
.
Ebo kaukaus ana sauga
he ba mulolu nasi ni gan
houwa, mulaa aanan.
If
there are closing cere-
monies (for a course,
meeting etc) then thank-
you speeches go first,
followed by food.
ba teli
promise
.
Bateli Vava-
luna
The New Testament
baaba
converse, have a
conversation, word, talk
.
Baaba i mweyaha yaa
ginol i pulowan.
Words
are easy but actions are
hard.
baba
wall
.
limi ana baba
the
walls of the house
babaalin
chest
.
baewa
shark
.
Tau etega
baewa i kos.
A man
caught a shark.
bai
shell valuables, made of
reddish shell discs,
necklace of shells
.
Bagi hi
giginola Losel.
They
make the bagi at Rossel
Island.
baiyewa
coconut,
coconut tree
.
baol
wave (of the sea), choppy
(of sea)
.
Hoga i bagol.
The sea is choppy/ has
high waves.
bahi
don't
.
Bahi nu oola.
Don't
do that.
Kamwasa i lala-
sala, bahi nu gagaisogu.
The path is slippery, don't
fall.
bakubaku
area (cleared)
around a house, yard
.
No
bakubaku i musamusa
hot.
My house area has a
lot of rubbish in it.
bakuhu
still, quiet, focus
.
Wawayau, ku bakuhu.
Children, stop talking (be
still).
Tuwam i bakuhu
te, kaliko u lolohelhel.
You are good at
concentrating (your body
is still), you are focused
on sewing.
baliman
year, harvest time for
yams
.
Wam baliman
ehila?
How old are you?
baliyan
boil (to have a), boil
.
Aeu i baliyan, abwe
ninina i ginol ge i mwa-
hawan. Iyaka i waisi.
My leg had a boil on it,
then its teeth formed and
it burst (became a hole).
Now it's okay.
balu
thick
.
Tultul ana sauga
wam kaliko babalona nu
galoi.
When it is cold,
31
put on your thick clothes.
Yaluyalu i balu lan e.
It
is overcast today (the
clouds are thick).
baunan
speak (something),
say (something)
.
??
bebebi
butterfly, moth
.
beben
edge, next to
.
Bahi nu
teteli teibol bebenaa
eba ni sogu.
Don't put it
right on the edge of the
table, it might fall off.
bekik
pig (wild rather than
domesticated)
.
Hi na hi
iwauka yaka bekik
etega hi howa.
They
went hunting and speared
a wild pig.
bela
fire
.
besen
enough
.
Beseu.
That's
enough for me.
beyaunana
old (of things,
food)
.
Buki bebeyauna
nu tonil.
Set fire to the
old books.
Wami limi ana
bali-man i gewi, i
beyaunana hot.
Your
house has many years, it
is very old.
biki
black, blue, purple, dirty,
black, dirty
.
Kaliko i biki
hot.
The clothes are very
dirty.
Biki u pem na na
na ul.
Give me the dirty
clothes and I will go and
wash them.
Buki
bibikena u pem.
Give
me the black book.
bil
roof of a house, sago
leaves used for roof
.
Bil
na pewa u lopahi.
I'll
give you some sago
leaves to make the roof
with.
bilibili
ground, dirt, land, dirty
.
Wali bilibili ana siga i
gan.
Their land has
boundaries.
binimala
if (contrafactual),
polite way of suggesting
something
.
Binimala
wala mani ni gan limi
tapwa-lolo ta tal.
If we
had money (but we don't)
we would build the
church.
Binimala nu
bakuhu yaka no baaba
nu laeganan.
It would be
good if you were still so
you could listen to my
words.
bobot
necklace of beads
.
Nevenak bobot i pin
mwamwalinaa.
The lady
fastened the necklace
around her neck.
bobu
pig
.
Bobu natunau hi
gewi.
The pig has many
piglets (offspring).
boda
group, crowd
.
Nevenak-
au boda hi na hi
pempewa.
A group of
ladies went and
exchanged (baskets).
Boda labui hi haveyan.
Two groups fought.
32
boe
pawpaw
.
boina
ripe (of a fruit)
.
boisi
ripe (of a fruit)
.
U na ga
bwamosi u kibwa, iyaka
i boisi.
Go and pick the
pawpaws, they are
already ripe.
Toto
boiboisana u ahem.
Get
the ripe one and give it to
me.
bolo
those ones, those
.
bolu
the day after tomorrow
.
bolu
go out (of fire), stop (of
engine)
.
Tulak iyaka i
bolu.
The truck has
stopped.
bombom
round
.
Seyala bobo-
mwina ya liga.
I cooked
the round type of chili.
bon
sore, sore (have a)
.
Aeu i
bon.
My foot has a sore
on it.
Nimwau bonina i
lomwan.
The sore on my
arm hurts.
bonanak
ghekko
.
bonubonu
pumpkin
.
bosowaina
be able, can
;
polite
way of asking
.
Bosowailiya.
They were
able to do it.
Tab i boso-
waina sauga kekeisi u
pem elau?
Would you
please give me some
sugar?
bub
break open (coconut, nut
etc), crack open
.
Kinai u
bub ga.
Crack the kinai.
bubun
well, properly
.
Ya
atena bubun.
I know it
well
Ta ginol bubun,
mulaa abwe ala tobal ni
gan.
Let’s do it well, then
later we will receive
praise.
buul
thing, belongings, plates,
gather (of a lot of things)
.
Wana bugul i na i ulul.
She went and washed her
plates.
Kaliko gegewena
u bugulan.
Get all the
clothes.
buhun
nose
.
buki
book
.
buli
defecate or have a bowel
movement, rusty (be) e.g.
of knife
.
bulin
night
.
nasi bulina
tonight
bulumakau
cow, bull
.
bunsumi
hide (oneself)
.
Hi
bunsumi ebwakil
lamwa-naa.
They hid in
the tree.
but
blunt, slow (of boat)
.
Kaini i but.
The knife is
blunt.
but shoe/boot
butun
noise
.
Butu i bwaya,
wawaya ya palut.
I made
a lot of noise (my noise
was big), and woke up
the child.
bwabwali
visitor, guest, out-
sider
.
Ala bwabwali nasi
nihi kenu.
Our guest will
be sleeping here tonight.
bwaesi
urinate
.
Wawaya bwa-
lal i bwaese.
The child
33
urinated on the floor.
bwaa
distance, space
.
Bwagaoia ana bwaga i
gan Siagara.
Bwagaoia is
a long way away from
Siagara.
bwaa
share in, help out by
contributing (usually
food)
.
Avalau wali
migogo kaiwena, aanan
ta bwaga.
Let's
contribute food for our
friend's gathering.
bwaabwaa
nothing (for),
free, no reason, worth-
less
.
Ha pek bwabwage.
We gave them away free.
Wali ginol bwagabwaga
lahena i gan.
There's
punishment for their
rascal activities.
bwaii
conch shell
.
Ebo
bwagigi ni kahin ta
atena bobu hi
pwapwatanim.
If the
conch shell sounds we
know that they are
bringing a pig.
bwalal
floor
.
bwalen
smell
.
Bwalen etega
tab u hago?
Did you
smell something?
bwalia
later, in the future
.
bwaliumwa
tomorrow
.
bwalin
patch
.
Kaliko malelena
u bwalin ga.
Patch up the
torn dress.
Wam guledau
i mwahawan, u bwalin.
Your canoe has a hole in
it, patch it up.
bwamosi
pawpaw
.
bwana
shelf
.
Ulun u pom
lowan bwana pwatanaa.
Turn the clay pots upside
down on top of the shelf.
bwasumu
animal, bird
.
Bwasumu hi youyou
hawawala.
The birds are
flying in the sky.
bwata
big, large
.
Bobu i
bwata hot.
The pig is
very large.
Sisigelu toto
bwa-bwatana u pem.
Give me the large
pumpkin.
bwaya
big
.
bwehebwehe
??
Kasiyebwa
etega te yawal i
bwehebwehe.
It's a
sickness, asthma.
bwekuku
frangipani tree,
flowering tree
.
bweyan
rotting food
.
Bweyan
bwalena ya hago.
I smelt
the smell of rotting food.
bweyu
previously cooked
food, breakfast
.
Ewasi
tab u alabweyu?
Did you
eat this morning?
D - d
daul
feather, pineapple top
.
dam
coconut branch (dead),
light made by burning a
dead coconut branch
.
34
datu
low tide
.
Datu i lau, hoga
bwalena i gan.
It is low
tide, you can smell the
sea.
dibula
gaol, lock up in gaol
.
Toginol naknak hi teli
dibulaa.
They put the
criminals in gaol.
dia
fire
.
dimdim
whiteskin, European,
foreigner
.
Wawayau
kekei-sisil dimdim hi
lolova-kunagil.
Small
children are frightened of
whiteskins.
doi dog
E - e
e
yes
.
e
instrument for doing
things (prefix)
.
etuwalali
tool
eba
possibly, might
.
Bahi nu
haha ebwakila eba nu
gaisogu.
Don’t go up in
the tree, you might fall.
ebabala
weave (of baskets)
.
Wana nabwa i ebale.
She wove her basket.
ebala
v/n.
weave
.
ebo
if
.
Ebo ta tuwalali
bubun, nasi molala ni
waisi.
If we work well,
we will get paid well.
eboebo
cockroach
.
ebwakil
tree, wood, firewood
.
He na wali ebwakil hi
ahe.
They went and got
their firewood.
eon
leave, depart, departure
.
Gamagalau hi egonan.
People have left.
Wana
egon ana sauga i kela-
kelaubwa.
The time for
his departure is near.
eowa
basket (round) carried
on the head
.
euluwai
leave (people),
depart
.
Tutuliyau hi
egulu-waagil, hi sikal
wali panuwaa.
They left
their relatives and went
back to their village.
ehala
broom
.
ehila
how many? (in a quest-
ion), few (in a statement)
.
Wam bobu ehila?
How
many pigs do you have?
Boge molana ehila?
How
much is the pawpaw?
Kinai ehila ya u pem.
Give me just a few kinai.
ekaeka
fry
.
Kabole ya ekaeke
ama bweyu.
I fried up
the sago for our
breakfast.
eku
stone, rock
.
elana/eliyana
to (him/her/it),
on (him/her/it), from
(him/her/ it)
.
U pek
natum elana.
Give it to
your child.
elulutea
ten
.
eluwa
two, few, second
.
Suwa
labui ya pwatanim.
I
brought a few bananas.
35
Natu eluwana iya galok.
My second child is a girl.
en
back, behind something
.
Beleid u teli emwa bahi
wawaya ni kikite.
Put
the bread behind your
back lest the child see it.
Pagan nanakina ana en
ta pek.
We should turn
away from bad behaviour
(give the back to).
enima
five
.
enon
bear fruit, fruit, contents,
results
.
Kalehe bwaliga
ni enon nabi.
The mango
is going to bear lots of
fruit later.
Wakai enona i
lobwata.
The fruit of the
breadfruit is quite large.
Nabwa nige enona.
The
basket has nothing in it.
enonu
oil (from coconut)
.
Niu
enonona bwalena i
waisi.
The smell of
coconut oil is nice.
enuna
some
.
Lehi enuna u
pem.
Give me some
betelnut.
epat
four
.
epit
eight
.
eputeten
back, backbone
.
Eputeteu ya palabi
kokola elana yaka ya
kenu.
I leaned my back
against the post and went
to sleep.
epwakokon
knee
.
Epwakokou
i lomwan.
My knee
hurts.
epwakuna
excuse; make an
excuse
.
I epwaepwakuna
te i ba tage wana
tuwalali i bwata.
She is
making excuses when she
said she has too much
work (to do).
esika
stir
.
Moni hi esike.
They
stirred the sago porridge.
esiwa
six
.
esom
husk a coconut
.
esopali
four
.
esowal
late, slow
.
Wali
nemnem tapwalolowa
elana i ese-sowal.
They
are always late coming to
church.
Wana liwaliwan i
esowal
He talks too
much.
etea
one, some
.
Laesi etega i
pem.
He gave me some
rice.
etimwawa
quickly, a while
ago
.
Etimwawa ya nem,
nige u kikiteyau.
I got
here a while ago, you
didn't see me.
eton
three
.
ewahil
roots (of plants, trees)
.
Sinsin ewahilina i
loyapu, kelaubwa limi
ni pwawa.
The roots of
the sinsin tree are long,
they nearly reach the
house.
ewasi
earlier today
.
Ewasi
mweluluga ya kitewa
age?
I saw you earlier
this morning, that's right?
ewata
nine
.
ewon
seven
.
eyowa
garden (to), garden
.
Wana eyowa i ginola niu
gamwanaa.
He made his
garden amongst the
36
coconut plantation.
G - g
a
where?
Ga i mimina?
Where does he live?
a
must, firstly, yet, until
.
U
nem ga.
Come here/you
must come.
Bahi ga
ligaliga.
Don't cook it
yet.
a i ola
how?, what?
Ga i ola
ge u sogu?
How did you
come to fall?
abom
break (sticks), fold
.
Aena i gabom.
He broke
his leg.
Kaliko i gabom.
She folded the clothes.
abom
distribute, share out,
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