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Tab tin kuluvi i 
gan? 
Is there a tin for 
spitting (betelnut juice) 
in?
 
Kamwasa hi kuluve. 
They spat on the road.
 
kunika
  
plant, kind of 
medicinal, plant with 
long leaves

Kunika 
lamwana i waisa bon 
ana sawasawal. 
The 
leaves of the kunika are 
good as salve for sores.
 
kunis
  
skin of humans, animals, 
fish, food, bark of trees, 
scales of fish, husk of 
coconut

Melumelu kuni-
sina i meimei. 
The 
baby's skin is soft.
 
kusai
  
tree with edible, dark-
green, glossy leaves 
growing in pairs.
 
kuwa
  
cane

kuyab
  
flying fox

 

51 
L  -  l 
 
la
  
Yam (Greater)

La abwe 
ya ken no eyowaa. 

have just dug up the 
yams in my garden.
 
labe
  
assistance, help

Labe ga 
na aheya? 
Where will I 
get help from?
 
Heliya hi 
labela tuwalali elana. 
They helped us with the 
work.
 
labena
  
beside something or 
someone, near 
something

Han iyahe 
labewa. 
That thing is 
here next to me.
 
labi
  
side, region, area of 
responsiblity

Panayawi 
labena gegewena elal 
The four corners of the 
earth; all the regions of 
the earth
 
Tohouwa toto 
ya iya wana labi. 
That is 
the responsibility of this 
leader here.
 
labose
  
practise, try, test

Wama wona ha 
labobosa. 
We practiced 
our song.
 
Nuwau bugul 
etega toto nige ya 
aatena na labose. 
I want 
to try something that I 
don't know (how to do).
 
labui
  
two, few

Kalehe eluwa 
ya u pem. 
Just give me a 
few mangoes.
 
labulabum
  
sky, heaven

laesi
  
rice

laewa
  
pandanus plant, 
pandanus leaves, mat 
(woven) made from 
pandanus

Laewa etega 
hi palupalul. 
They were 
weaving a mat.
 
laon
  
partner, spouse, husband, 
wife

Sibwaowa toto 
yaka  he  lagona  abwe  i 
yaomal ya. 
That 
widower, his wife only 
just died.
 
lauman
  
red

lahena
  
answer, reply, replace-
ment, punishment


loyaloya tage wana neli 
ana lahena ni pwawa. 
He was searching, hoping 
to find the answer to his 
question.
 
Un wali 
tonowak bwabwatana 
lahena te wana geman. 
The successor to the chief 
man of the clan is his 
sister's son.
 
lahi
  
answer, pay back, punish, 
punishment

Wana baaba 
i lahe. 
He answered him 
(his words).
 
mwahalahi-
lahi 
exchange of pots
 
Ebo 
ta pagan naknak nasi 
ana lahi ta pwawa. 
If we 
do the wrong things we 
will be punished (we will 
find the punishment for 
it).
 
lake
  
overtake, beat

lala
  
radiate heat, branch out, 
sprout new leaves

Sabwelu i lala. 
The sun 
is hot.
 
Ebwakil lalana 

52 
Tree branches
 
Kamwasa 
lalana 
Crossroads
 
lalasala
  
slippery

Kamwasa i 
lalasala kehe kaiwena. 
The path is slippery 
because of the rain.
 
lamumu
  
boil

Vavahan iyaka i 
lamumu, u hin palo. 
The 
hot water is boiling, lift it 
down (off the fire).
 
lamwa
  
leaf, page of book

Ebwakil lamwana  Wala 
vavasili nuku kite buki 
lamwana ten elana. 
Find our reading on page 
ten of our book.
 
lamwan
  
forehead

lan
  
day, day (become)

Lan 
ebe 
Today
 
Lan i gan 
The 
next day
 
Panuwa i lan. 
It 
became day at the 
village.
 
lan
  
flower (of a tree), flower 
(of a tree)

Kalehe i lan 
bubun, mulaa abwe 
eno-wana ni gewi. 
The 
mango tree has lots of 
flowers, later it will have 
many fruit.
 
Bwekuku 
lanina 
frangipani bud or 
flower
 
las
  
peel (of yams)

Aanan u 
pem na laslas. 
Give me 
the yams and I will peel 
them.
 
latahin
  
lift up (hand, other 
objects ), raise

Bahi ba 
tagitagil, nimwamiu 
nuku latahin. 
Don't just 
speak out, put your hand 
up.
 
lau
  
come down, go down

Hi 
laulau limiya. 
They were 
going down from the 
house.
 
Ha na abuabul 
wana lau ha kite. 
We 
went and saw the 
widow's coming out 
(having finished her 
period of mourning).
 
laum
  
crab

laumwal
  
calm, peace

Hoga i laumwal. 
The sea is calm.
 
I huga yaka 
baaba lalau-mwalina ya 
baunan eliyana. 
She was 
angry so I spoke calming 
words to her.
 
Laumwal i 
gan atena elana. 
She has 
peace in her heart.
 
lawakik
  
persistent (be ~), 
persist, not give up, 
tempt, temptation

Natu i 
lawakik nuwana ni nem. 
My daughter was 
persistent, she wanted to 
come.
  Redup:  lawalawa-
kik
lei
  
step out of the way, move 
aside

Tulak i nenem, ku 
legi! 
There is a truck 
coming, move off (the 
road).
 
lehi
  
betel nut

Lehi u pem na 
ol. 
Give me betelnut and 
I will chew.
 
leke
  
break, undo, erase (of 
writing), take off (of 
clothes)

Logugui hi leke. 
They broke the rules.
 
Limi lekaleka nihi ginola 
Sata-de. 
They are going 
to pull down the house on 

53 
Satur-day.
 
Wali leleli hi 
leka-lekaan. 
They erased 
what they had written.
 
lelam
   
poison, bad taste

Ebo 
kusai nige ta liliga 
bubun, he ni lelelam. 
If 
we don't cook kusai 
properly, it will not taste 
good.
 
lelewaa
  
crocodile

leli
  
write, writing

Wana buki 
i lelelian. 
He wrote in his 
book.
 
Wana leleli i 
waisi, i mwananal. 
His 
writing is good, it's 
legible.
 
lelu
  
spread of news

Diyon 
wasana i lelu tage iyaka 
i yaomal, yaa nige 
tunahot i oola. 
The news 
of John spread, the fact 
that he was dead, but it 
was not true.
 
leuleu
   
breeze, wind

Leuleu i 
towa, panuwa i 
patultul. 
The wind is 
blowing, it is making the 
place cold.
 
leunan
  
itchiness (causes), itchy 
(make)

Natun i leunan. 
Ebo ni tupa tuwau 
elana, nasi tuwau ni 
samwa-ligaliga. 
Sitnging 
nettle causes itchiness. If 
it touches my skin, it will 
be itchy.
 
leva
  
paddle

lewi
  
fan, blow

leyau
  
shell valuables

Leyau 
yayapona hi pakuki to-
yaomal pwatanaa. 
They 
(in-laws) hung a long 
leyau over the dead 
person.
 
lib
  
catch, grab, rape

Bobu hi 
lib. 
They caught a pig.
 
lia
  
cook (in water), cooking

Aanan i liga bubun, nige 
i lolobwasi. 
She cooked 
the yams well, they are 
not too soft.
 
Ges ana 
ligaliga i mweyaha. 
Cooking with gas is 
quick.
 
liin
  
spill (of liquid), pour out

U na aanan suina u ligin 
yoho paiya. 
Go 
downstairs and throw out 
the water the yams were 
cooked in.
 
lika
  
up and over (go ~)

Nolu 
ha  lika  ha  na  Im 
Bwabwatana. 
Yesterday 
we went up to the Im 
Bwabwatana (a river).
 
liki
  
old

Iyaka ta liliki nawa. 
We are already on the 
way to being old.
 
tonowak lilikena 
an old 
man
 
limi
  
house

limwan
  
deep

Hoga i limwan. 
The sea is deep.
 
liwaliwan
  
conversation (have 
a), tell a story

Wana 
liwa-liwan i esowal. 
He 
talks a lot.
 

54 
liwan
  
story, tell a story

Liwaniu na liwanan 
nuku hago. 
I will tell my 
story for you to hear.
 
liyan
  
pregnant

Vaini i liyan 
kelaubwa ni ab. 
The 
woman is pregnant, she 
will give birth soon.
 
lo
  
cane

loba
  
grass skirt

Evenakau 
wali loba hi galoi, hi 
sasaga. 
The women put 
on their grass skirts, they 
are ready to dance.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
lobek
    
submerge, sink (out of 
sight), set (of sun), dive, 
(final) mortuary feast

Waga i lobek. 
The boat 
sank.
 
Sabwelu iyaka i 
lobek. 
The sun has set.
 
Lobek hi ginol, bobu hi 
gewi hi tagapaaligal.. 
They made the mortuary 
feast called lobek, and 
killed many pigs..
 
lobwal
  
eel (fresh water)

lobwasi
  
soft (of vegetables 
when cooked), falling 
apart (of cooked 
vegetables)

Aanan ebo 
ta liga nabiyan nasi ni 
lobwasi. 
If we cook yams 
too much they will fall 
apart and be too soft.
 
loebwakil
  
get firewood

loasisi
  
work hard

Wana 
eyowa i logasisian. 
He 
worked hard at his 
garden.
 
loi
  
fish with a net

louui
  
decide, decision, law, 
rule, judge, control

Tonowakau hi logulogu-
gui. 
The men were 
making 
decisions/   
rulings.
 
Wana logugui i 
henapuan. 
She obeyed 
his ruling.
 
Wali pagan 
ana waisi ge ana nak ku 
hile yaka ana logugui 
nuku ginol. 
Assess the 
good and bad of their 
behaviour and then make 
a ruling.
 
Bahi bugul 
etega yawalim elana ni 
loguguiagiwa. 
Don't let 
anything in your life 
control you.
 
lohaveyan
  
fight (with words or 
fists), fighting, test

Guleid 6 abwe wali 
lohaveyan hi ginol. 
The 
Grade 6 (students) have 
just done their exam.
 
lok
  
westerly direction (move 
in a)

Hi lok pai. 
They 
went down in a westerly 
direction.
 
Hi loem nati. 
They came in a westerly 
direction from the east.
 
loki
  
load, pick things up in a 
car etc.
 
U loke egowa 
gamwanaa. 
Put it into 
the basket.
 
Tulak ana 
loki i pulowan. 
The 
truck's loading is heavy.
 

55 
lol
  
hit, strike, kill

Gita ana 
lolol i atena. 
He knows 
how to play a guitar.
 
Wana bobu i lol. 
He 
killed his pig.
 
lolon
  
swell up, swelling

Aena i 
lolon kaiwena bugul 
etega i howa. 
His foot is 
swollen because 
something pierced it.
 
lomwan
  
hurt, ache, pain, 
suffering

Kaununa i 
lomwan. 
His head hurts.
 
Atena i lomwan. 
He is 
suffering (his liver hurts).
 
Lomwan i bwata iya i 
kalivai kaiwela. 
He 
carried a great deal of 
pain on our behalf.
 
lopahi 
  
roof (put a ~ on)

Tonowakau limi etega 
hi lopahi. 
The men put a 
roof on a house.
 
lopwal
  
forbid, refusal

Hi 
lopwali, bahi ta tutuk 
heliya wali bakubaku 
elana. 
They have 
forbidden us to go into 
their yard.
 
Ala lopwal i 
gan, bahi ga ta tutuk 
ana siga nihi talam. 
We 
have been forbidden, we 
are not to go in until they 
say.
 
losa
  
twist (of rope or twine)

lou
  
run away, escape

Wanuka hi lopetaki, 
yaka hi lou egon. 
They 
chased the dogs away, so 
they ran off.
 
lovakun
  
frightened, fear

Hi 
lolovakun sauga gege-
wena. 
They are always 
fearful.
 
Gogou ana 
lovakun i bwata wawaya 
elana. 
The child has a 
great fear of the darkness.
 
lovivina
  
ready, prepare, 
organise, preparation

Ta 
lovivina bubun ga, 
mulaa abwe ta 
papaatena gamagal 
mataliya. 
We must 
prepare properly first, 
then later we can preach 
in front of people.
 
Wana 
lovivina i waisi. 
She has 
made a good preparation.
 
lowakeb
  
squabble, fight

Wawayau hi lowakeb 
wali  siga  opop  baena. 
The children were 
squabbling over their 
toys.
 
loya
  
look for, search

Wawaya 
toto i tatayaomal hi 
loyaan. 
They searched 
for the child who went 
missing.
 
luluya
  
mushroom

lum
  
room

Limi wana lum i 
gewi. 
There are many 
rooms in the house.
 
lumen
  
mention

lut
  
get up, stand up, wake 
up

Ewasi ya lut 
pwamweyaha. 
I got up 
early this morning.
 
luvi
  
sweet, sweetness

Wana 
baaba i luvi atelaa. 
His 
words are sweet for our 
hearts.
 
Luvi etega nasi ta 
pwawaa uleya. 
We'll 
find a sweetness (a kind 

56 
of honey from bees) in 
the bush.
 
luvi
  
measure, level

Wewel i 
luvi bubun, ketel i 
kalaopop. 
She measured 
the water well, the kettle 
is full.
 
I panpankiti ya 
ala luvi eliyana. 
He was 
teaching at our level.
 
luwan
  
plant

Ebwakil i luwan. 
He planted the tree.
 
 
M  -  m 
 
maamaa
  
dirty, muddy (with 
silt and run-off in the 
water )

Wewel i 
magamaga kaiwena 
kehe abwe i lau. 
The 
water is muddy because it 
has just been raining.
 
maebal
  
broken (of things with 
thin shells, e.g. eggs), 
cracked

Kamkam 
pouwina i magebal. 
The 
egg is broken.
 
Ulun 
mamagebalina ya. 
(I 
only have) broken clay 
pots.
 
mainum
  
fine (of weather), 
calm (of sea)

Yaka abwe 
hoga i mainum, mana i 
mwatomwa. 
So now the 
sea is calm, the wind has 
dropped.
 
maisena
  
one (in counting), 
same

Wana pagan i 
mamaisena sauga 
gegewena. 
His 
behaviour is always the 
same.
 
U nana eyowaa, 
henala alom? Maiseu ya. 
Are you going to the 
garden, who is going 
with you? Just me on my 
own.
 
mal
  
inland

Hi tukik mala. 
They went inland.
 
maleleya
  
inside (a house)


teli maleleya, lum 
gamwanaa. 
Put it inside, 
in the room.
 
maleli
  
torn

Kaliko i maleli. 
The dress is torn.
 
maliin
  
spilt (of water), 
overflow

Wewel i 
mama-ligin tenki elana. 
The water is overflowing 
in the tank.
 
maloka
  
stuck, choke

Moti 
tutuwana nu matahikan 
eba nu maloka. 
Be 
careful of the bones, you 
might choke
 
mamanuvi 
  
vomit

Saliya i 
mamanuvian. 
She 
vomited blood.
 
mana
  
wind

Mana i gasisi lan 
e. 
The wind is strong 
today.
 
manamana
  
wide

Panayawi 
mamanana 
the whole 
earth.
 
 
 
 
 
 

57 
maninin
  
face

Maniniu ya ul. 

washed my face.
 
manun
  
tender and sore, sour??
 
Aeu i manun. 
My foot is 
hurting.
 
masal
  
appear, become

Yeisu 
Keliso i masal 
Bedeliema. 
Jesus Christ 
was born (appeared) in 
Bethlehem.
 
matahikan
  
look after, care 
for, charge of, be in --

Wana eyowa i 
matahikan bubun. 
He 
looks after his garden 
well.
 
Wawayau ali 
matamatahikan i 
pulowan. 
Taking care of 
children is hard (heavy).
 
matamatan
  
wait for

Ga i ola 
ge u matamatan? 
Why 
are you waiting?
 
matan
  
eye

Matau i 
kenukenu. 
I am sleepy.
 
Wewel matana 
where a 
river opens into the sea
 
matuwa
  
developed (of fruit), 
grown up (of people), 
middle-aged

Atena i 
matuwa. 
He is confident 
(his liver is fully 
developed).
 
maya
  
fire

meimei
  
soft, gentle

Wana 
pagan i meimei. 
He has 
a gentle way with him.
 
melteli
  
trust in, rely on

Wala 
tonowak wana baaba ta 
meltelian. 
We should 
put our trust in the words 
of our chief man.
 
melumelu
  
young, infant, 
youngest child

Ama 
melumelu alana Pita. 
Our youngest child's 
name is Peter.
 
memen
  
tongue, flame (of fire)

Baaba toto ya memeu 
elana i pulowan. 
That 
word is hard for me to 
say (heavy for my 
tongue).
 
Hiwo memena 
The flames of the fire
 
mesinale
  
village pastor

Mesinaleyau wali mi-
gogo heiya waikena i 
nenem. 
The meeting for 
pastors is next month.
 
mioo
  
meeting, gathering

Wik i nenem 
mesinaleyau nihi 
migogo pai. 
Next week 
the pastors will meet 
together down west.
 
mina
  
stay, live

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