Chapter question a) Explain five (5) different ways in which an organization may be involved in international trade. (60 marks)

Technological Barriers

1. Lack of technological infrastructures can be viewed as a barrier or as an opportunity.
2. Changes in technology also bring new challenges and competition.

CHAPTER 2
QUESTION 1

1. 
   Discuss four general ethical issues business persons have to deal with in business (40 marks)
   

An ethical issue is an identifiable problem, situation, or opportunity that requires
a person or orga nization to choose from several actions that may be evaluated as
right or wrong, ethical or unethical. There are: Misuse of Company Resources, Abusive and Intimidating Behavior, Conflict of Interest, and Fairness and Honesty.

1. 
   Misuse of Company – is the leading observed misconduct in the workplace, more than taking office supplies, time theft (using work time to conduct personal business) costs organizations hundreds of billions annually.
   
2. 
   Abusive and Intimidating Behavior – it is misconduct in the workplace, involves anything from physical threats, false accusations, and unreasonableness to ignoring someone or intentionally being annoying. Also can be a minor distraction or a serious disruption, or disagreement between colleagues.
   
3. 
   Conflict of Interest – exist when a person must choose whether to advance the interest of the business or his or her own interest. Work for themselves for not company’s interest.
   
4. 
   Fairness and Honesty – are at the heart of business ethics and relate to the general values of decision makers. Businesspeople are expected not only to obey the law, but also not harm customers, employees, or competitors through deception or discrimination.
   

2. 
   Suggest five (5) possible ways to improve ethical behaviors in business (60 mark)
   

1. Ethical decisions in an organization are influenced by three key factors: individual moral standards, the influence of managers and coworkers, and the opportunity to engage in misconduct.
Co-workers and superiors exert significant control over individual choices at work through authority and example.
2. Useful to examine causes of conflict because many organizational issues emerge from conflict (e.g. conflict between personal moral standards and organizational standards).