T.B. Mikheeva, M.V. Ereshchenko strategies in learning and teaching dialogical speech is conditioned just by
this factor.
A dialogue as the most important phenomenon of unrehearsed oral
speech is characterized by its spontaneity. That is why dialogical speech has
a lot of compensation strategies and hesitation pauses allowing a speaker
considering further re-planning of his / her speech in case of any unexpected
reaction of a dialogue partner. Active application of compensation strategies
makes a dialogue less lexically exact. The availability of speech mistakes,
short sentences, dividing sentences into several communication units are typ-
ical for a dialogue. L.P. Yakubinsky notes that a dialogue is characterized
not only by interchange of communicants' speech, but also by interruption of
a dialogue partner, which is a characteristic of a emotionally charged dia-
logue. According to him, “in some respects we can say that just alternate
interruption is typical for a dialogue in general” [10: 17-58].
Nevertheless, a high speech tempo typical for an everyday interpersonal
dialogue is not a factor promoting the optimization of speech activity related to
consideration, contestation of motives, choice of lexical means and grammati-
cal structures. Instead, a high tempo of dialogical speech rather implies “the
manner of a simple act of will having customary elements”. Compared to a
monologue (especially a written monologue) dialogic communication “implies
making statements “at once” and even “anyhow”” [Ibid.].
Many defects of oral speech such as incomplete statements, poor
structuredness, interruptions, self-commenting, contactors, repeating, hesita-
tion elements, etc. are the necessary conditions of the successfullness and
effectiveness of dialogic communication. A listener can not keep track of all
grammatical and semantic relations of a text, and a speaker shall take it into
account. In such case his / her speech will be understood and comprehended,
especially if we are talking about the colloquial register.
A dialogue is typified as a primary and natural form of verbal com-
munication, for which reason as a form of speech it is more often used in
colloquial style of speech, but also can be represented in scientific, publicis-
tic, and official style of speech.
Topics of a dialogue can change at random in the course of deploy-
ment of such a dialogue. Even in case of using scientific, publicistic, or offi-
cial speech under condition of possible preparation of any preliminary script
of a dialogue the deployment of such a dialogue by each of dialogue partners
will be spontaneous, because in absolute majority of cases scripts and their
implementation can not be absolutely identical, and the utterances and reac-
tions of a dialogue partner are unknown or can become unpredictable.
A business dialogical discourse, which is interpreted as a socially
conditioned speech event functioning in the institutional and production
sphere, is marked for its certain orderliness and arrangement, and is charac-
terized primarily by a high degree of topic fixity. Topical coherence is pro-