159
Figure 104.
Wood grows more quickly in the summer and less
quickly in the winter,
creating a distinctive
ring for each year of growth. The growth rate can also be impacted by seasonal changes in
weather patterns;
observe how the thickness of the rings varies (credit: Adrian Pingstone)
Stem Modifications
For a specific habitat and environment, some plant species have modified stems (Figure 105).
A
rhizome
is a modified underground stem with nodes and internodes that spreads out horizontally.
Vertical shoots may arise from the buds on the rhizome of some plants, such as ginger and ferns.
Corms
are similar to rhizomes, except they are more rounded and fleshy (such as in gladiolus). Corms
contain stored food that enables some plants to survive the winter.
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