G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

to fl y over uchib o‘tmoq, to go over -dan o‘tmoq, to throw over oshirib 
o‘tmoq.
Though the barrier was high, he 
jumped over without diffi culty.
To‘siq baland bo‘lsa ham u qiynal-
masdan sakrab o‘tdi.
Throw the ball over, please.
Iltimos, to‘pni oshirib oting.
5. over bilan kelgan birikmalar:
to go over tomoniga
o‘tmoq
Many tolibs went over 
to the side of govern-
ment troops.
Ko‘p toliblar hukumat 
qo‘shinlari tara fi ga o‘tdi.
to take over for -ni
o‘rnida bo‘lmoq, -ni
almashtirmoq
Marie had a class this 
afternoon, so Janet took 
over for her.
Bugun tushdan keyin 
Merining darsi bor edi, 
shuning uchun ham uni 
Janet almashtirdi.
to run over (mashi-
na) bosib ketmoq
He was run over by a 
car.
Uni mashina bosib ket-
di.
to talk over
  muhokama qilmoq
We must talk the matter 
over
Biz masalani muhoka ma 
qilishimiz kerak.
to think over  o‘ylab
ko‘rmoq
I’ll think it over.
Men buni o‘ylab ko‘-
raman.
6. over bilan kelgan iboralar:
over and over (again) 
qayta-qayta, ko‘p marta
all over the world (country, town) 
butun dunyo (mamlakat, shahar) 
bo‘ylab 
the meeting (concert, 
lesson) is over
yig‘ilish (konsert, dars) tugadi

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234
PAST
1. yonidan (by bilan birga predlog va ravish bo‘lib keladi):
He walked past the house.
U uy oldidan (yonidan) o‘tdi.
He drove (went, ran) 
past without looking at me.
U menga qaramasdan yonimdan 
mashina haydab (piyoda, yugurib) 
o‘tdi.
2. o‘tdi (vaqtni aytishda ishlatiladi):
It is half past three.
Uch yarim bo‘ldi (Uchdan yarim 
soat o‘tdi.)
ROUND, AROUND
1. atrofi da, aylana (round aroundga qaraganda ko‘proq ishlatiladi. Berk 
doira bo‘yicha to‘liq aylanma harakatni ifodalamoqchi bo‘lgani mizda faqat 
round ishlatiladi.)
He traveled round the world.
U dunyo bo‘ylab sayohat qildi.
The earth moves round the sun.
Yer Quyosh atrofi da aylanadi.
There are many fl owers 
round (around) the house.
Uy atrofi da ko‘p gullar bor.
2. atrofga, atrofda, aylanib (ravish bo‘lib keladi):
The door is locked, you 
will have to go round.
Eshik qulf, aylanib o‘tishingizga 
to‘g‘ri keladi.
He looked round (around).
U atrofga qaradi.
3. round va around bilan kelgan iboralar:
round the corner muyulishda, 
burchakda 
all around hamma yerda
to travel around the country mam-
lakat bo‘ylab sayohat qilmoq
all the year round butun 
yil bo‘yi 
SINCE
1. -dan buyon (vaqtga nisbatan ishlatilib, vaqtning boshlanish nuqtasini 
bildiradi). Since kelgan gapning kesimi Present Perfect yoki Present Perfect 
Continuous zamonlaridan birida bo‘ladi:
He has been living in Tashkent 
since last year. 
U o‘tgan yildan buyon Toshkentda 
yashaydi.
I have not seen him since 
Monday. 
Men uni dushanba kunidan buyon 
ko‘rganim yo‘q.

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235
2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’noda since ravish bo‘lib keladi.
He left Samarkand last year 
and I have not seen him since. 
U o‘tgan yili Samarqanddan ket gan 
edi va men uni o‘shandan buyon 
ko‘rganim yo‘q.
Izoh. since bog‘lovchi bo‘lib quyidagi vazifalarda ham kelishi mumkin: 
a) -dan buyon: I have not seen him since he returned to Toshkent. Men uni Toshkent ga 
qaytib kelganidan buyon ko‘rganim yo‘q;
b) sababli, tufayli, uchun: Since you are ill, I’ll do the work for you. Siz kasal bo‘lgan-
ligingiz sabobli men bu ishni siz uchun bajaraman. 
3. Since va from predloglarini taqqoslash.