Who brought you this book?
Bu kitobni sizga kim olib keldi?
What did you see there?
U yerda siz nimani ko‘rdingiz?
How did he write the dictation?
U diktantni qanday yozdi?
When did he come?
U qachon keldi?
Where did you see him?
Uni qayerda ko‘rdingiz?
UMUMIY SO‘ROQ GAPLAR
(GENERAL QUESTIONS)
1. Umumiy so‘roq gaplar gapning boshida, eganing oldiga yordam chi fe’l
yoki modal fe’lni qo‘yish bilan yasaladi. Agar darak gapda yor damchi fe’l
bo‘lmasa (Simple Present yoki Simple Past zamonlarda), ega ning oldiga
do (does) yoki did yordamchi fe’llari qo‘yiladi, asosiy fe’l esa egadan keyin
qo‘yiladi:
yordamchi (modal) fe’l + ega + V?
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Darak gaplar
Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
Ega
Kesim
To‘ld. va hol
Yordam-
chi fe’l
Ega
Asosiy
fe’l
To‘ld. va hol
He
is
reading
a letter.
Is
he
reading
a letter?
They
have
returned
from Lon-
don.
Have
they
returned
from Lon-
don?
She
can
trans late
the article.
Can
she
trans late
the article?
You
—
give
English les-
sons every
day.
Do
you
give
English les-
sons every
day?
He
—
lives
in Kokand.
Does
he
live
in Ko kand?
She
—
fi nished
her trans-
lation in the
eve ning.
Did
she
fi nish
her trans-
lation in the
evening?
2. Kesim tarkibida ikki yoki undan ziyod yordamchi fe’l bo‘lsa, eganing
oldiga faqat birinchi yordamchi fe’l o‘tkaziladi:
Darak gap
Umumiy so‘roq gap
He has been working since morning
Has he been working since mor ning?
The work will have been done by 5
o’clock.
Will the work have been done by
5 o’clock?
3. Simple Present yoki Simple Pastdagi to be va to have fe’llarining
shakl lari eganing oldiga o‘zlari o‘tadi:
Darak gap
Umumiy so‘roq gap
He is in the offi ce.
Is he in the offi ce?
She has a good pen.
Has she a good pen?
4. to be fe’li bog‘lovchi fe’l bo‘lib kelganda uning shakli eganing oldiga
qo‘yiladi, kesimning ot qismi esa bevosita egadan keyin keladi:
Darak gap
Umumiy so‘roq gap
He is a doctor.
Is he a doctor?
They were tired.
Were they tired?
UMUMIY SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING JAVOBLARI
1. Umumiy so‘roq gaplarga odatda qisqa javob beriladi. Odatda javob
yes yoki no so‘zlaridan va yordamchi yoki modal fe’ldan iborat bo‘ ladi.
Bo‘lishsiz javobda yordamchi yoki modal fe’ldan keyin not inkor yuklamasi
qo‘yiladi:
286
Do you speak French?
Siz fransuzcha gapirasizmi?
Yes, I do.
Ha, gapiraman.
No, I don’t.
Yo‘q, gapirmayman.
Is he resting?
U dam olayaptimi?
Yes, he is.
Ha, dam olayapti.
No, he isn’t.
Yo‘q, dam olmayapti.
Has she returned from
London?
U Londondan qaytib keldimi?
Yes, she has.
Ha, qaytib keldi.
No, she hasn’t.
Yo‘q, qaytib kelmadi.
Can you swim?
Suza olasizmi?
Yes, I can.
Ha, suza olaman.
No, I can’t.
Yo‘q suza olmayman.
2. Qisqa javoblarda yordamchi yoki modal fe’llardan oldin ravishlar
qo‘yilishi mumkin:
Did you meet him while you
were in London?
Siz Londonda bo‘lganingizda
uni uchratdingizmi?
No, I never did.
Yo‘q, hech qachon uchratmadim.
Do you have dinner at home?
Siz uyda ovqatlanasizmi?
Yes, I always do.
Ha, har doim.
Will he come here tonight?
U bu yerga bu oqshom keladimi?
Yes, he probably will.
Ha, ehtimol.
3. Ingliz tilida ba’zan faqat yes yoki nodan iborat javoblar ham
ishlatiladi:
Can you swim?
Suza olasizmi?
Yes.
Ha.
No.
Yo‘q.
Has she returned from London?
U Londondan qaytib keldimi?
Yes.
Ha.
No.
Yo‘q.
4. Qisqa javoblardan tashqari umumiy so‘roq gaplarga to‘liq javob ham
berilishi mumkin:
Did you like the fi lm?
Sizga fi lm yoqdimi?
Yes, I liked it.
Ha, menga yoqdi.
BO‘LISHSIZ UMUMIY SO‘ROQ GAPLAR
1. Umumiy so‘roq gaplarning bo‘lishsiz shakli egadan keyin asosiy
fe’lning oldiga not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi. Og‘zaki nutqda
not yordamchi yoki modal fe’l bilan qo‘shilib ketadi. Umumiy so‘roq
gaplarning bo‘lishsiz shakli ajablanishni bildiradi va nahotki so‘zini qo‘shib
tarjima qilinadi:
Do you not know him?
Don’t you know him?
Nahotki, uni tanimasangiz?
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Have you not seen him?
Haven’t you seen him?
Nahotki, uni ko‘rmadingiz?
Must you not go there tonight?
Mustn’t you go there tonight?
Nahotki, sizning u yerga borishingiz
kerak bo‘lmasa?
2. Bo‘lishsiz umumiy so‘roq gaplarning javobi ham bo‘lishli umumiy
so‘roq gaplarning javobiga o‘xshab yasaladi.
Didn’t you speak to him
yesterday?
Nahotki, kecha u bilan
gap lashmagan bo‘lsangiz?
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