Activity 1
Your answer is to confirm that, in each example in, the elements recognized as
belonging to a given morpheme contribute an identifiable meaning to the word
of which they are a part.
1. a. The form –er is attached to verbs to derive nouns with the general
meaning someone who does ‘an action’ (whatever action the verb
involves). Example: helper, worker.
b. When –ness is added to an adjective, it produces a noun meaning
‘having the state or condition (e.g. of being kind in kidness).
c. The addition of the diminutive morpheme –ette to a noun derives a new
noun which has the meaning ‘smaller in size’ (e.g., a kitchenette is a
small kitchen and a cigarette is smaller than a cigar).
2. The morphemes ex- and pre- derive nouns from nouns while mis- derives
verbs from verbs.
a. We can gloss the morpheme ex-as ‘former’ e.g ex-husband.
b. pre- as ‘before’ as in prewar
c. mis- as ‘badly’ such as in misfortune.
1.36
English Morpho - Syntax
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