Таълим ва инновацион тадқиқотлар (2021 йил №5) ISSN 2181-1709 (P) 362 Education and innovative research 2021 y. №5
EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN IMPLEMENTING A CREDIT AND MODULAR SYSTEM Rano A. Khaydarova senior lecturer TSUOS Abstract. This article outlines one of the urgent tasks envisioned in the «Concept for the development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030», approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 8, 2019 PF-5847, represents the introduction of a credit-modular system in higher education. Foreign experience is presented in detail. In 1999, 29 countries (currently more than 50 member states) signed a Declaration of Participation in the Bologna Process, which gives the right to obtain comparative degrees, promote academic and professional recognition and create a unified educational environment to provide employment opportunities for graduates. Reasons for signing and the results achieved are disclosed. Requirements of the Bologna Declaration: 12 years of education; two-tier higher education; creation of technology for assessing the educational process and results using ESTS loans. The term «credit» was also defined and the importance and scope of basic requirements, such as a unified assessment technology using ESTS credit, was emphasized. The types of loans, their specificity in different regions, basic principles are listed. In the process of implementing the international educational program ERASMUS, Europe faced difficulties associated with the diversity and, in some cases, the incomparability of European educational systems. That is why ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) was developed, which emerged as a pilot project of the ERASMUS program and passed an experimental test that really brought national education systems closer together, made them more flexible and transparent, and educational documents easily comparable. The advantages and disadvantages of the credit-modular system are analyzed, the role of this system in the development of higher education, increasing its competitiveness and the formation of professional specialists in Uzbekistan is emphasized. Note the importance of rich foreign experience in the transition to a credit-modular system.