Liver Sonography by Duplex and Color Doppler

4. _______ is the most important cause of portal hypertension in the Western world.

A. Alcoholism

B. Renal Failure

C. Cirrhosis

D. Sarcoidosis

E. Diabetes

5. All of the following are etiologies that cause a primary increased flow due to an arterioportal fistula EXCEPT

A. post-traumatic

B. splenomegaly

C. congenital

D. erosion of a hepatic artery aneurysm into the portal vein

E. atherosclerotic

6. An example of a pre-hepatic cause for portal hypertension is

A. splenic vein thrombosis

B. schistosomiasis

C. right heart failure

D. alcoholic hepatitis/cirrhosis

E. sarcoidosis

7. Regarding intra-hepatic causes for portal hypertension, an example of a sinusoidal cause is

A. parasitic infections (such as schistosomiasis)

B. sarcoidosis

C. hepatic vein obstruction