The Continent as Object of Knowledge
169
lasts and the mandate to rule will inevitably move. The second is the les-
son that within a Buddhist framework, all worldly institutions are im-
permanent. One could extrapolate from this second lesson that there is
nothing inherently aberrant in a change in the institutional configura-
tions of power, such as the establishment or increasing prominence of a
shogunate working in tandem with the imperial house. In this way, the
dual-pronged notion of a movable imperial mandate as embodied in
narratives of the Chinese past could serve as both a cautionary example
and, perhaps more indirectly, a potential validation for nontraditional
(that is, nonimperial) players’ participation in power.
92
Needless to say, none of the works discussed here ever explains just
what it is that China is intended to teach a reader; nor does any of them
feature an image that was necessarily a true or accurate representation of
Chinese history. Rather, the varied nature of the Chinas seen here dem-
onstrates that there was more than one sort of China being imagined in
the medieval period and that, moreover, these diff erent types of China
could fulfill vastly diff erent purposes. The consistent treatment of Chi-
nese history in particular, though limited to two works here, suggests that
narrativizing the Chinese past, regardless of the repackaging this required
at times, constituted a diff erent sort of project from the creation of an
ahistorical China devoid of most of the attributes that would link it to
continental civilization.
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