The Continent as Object of Knowledge
173
and discrete “body” that he is in a position to make “legible” for his
readers.
103
Similarly, he can be said to be engaging in the very sort of “se-
lection” that underlies the process of creating something with “present
intelligibility.”
104
Although no firsthand accounts of how Shigenori’s work
was interpreted by medieval readers survive, his manufacture of distance
and containment of China may have worked to alleviate some of the ten-
sions created by using China as an object of instruction, in that it could
signal the possibility of a Japanese experience that was not inevitably or
completely continuous with Chinese models. With a China that was nar-
ratively predetermined to decay—in terms of both sociopolitical institu-
tions and Buddhist teachings—one can conjecture that this sort of es-
cape hatch might have been appealing for any reader, warrior and courtier
alike.
Fitting In: Innovations Incorporated
and Abandoned
At this point, I will turn to the meta-level interrogation and the implica-
tions of using China as the medium of a
Mirror
’s message. Some of the
effects are short-lived: the emphasis on the past as past discussed in the
preceding section, for instance, is an aberration. Others have more last-
ing legacies. The most striking developments of this type can be seen in
how moving the focus to China reorients the geographic imaginary away
from the Japanese court as well as in the eschewal of specific “principle”
rhetoric. Shigenori relocates his tale to Dazaifu and all but abandons any
overt concern with cosmological principles beyond the fact that the world
is in a state of decay. The rhetoric of principles has vanished. At the same
time, despite its unprecedented foray into continental subject matter,
The
China Mirror
does feature continuities with the earlier
Mirrors
beyond
the shared conventions of their prefaces. The most obvious is the linguis-
tic patterning it shares with
The Water Mirror
. All of these developments
103. On
the body and legibility, see Certeau,
Writing of History
, 3.
104. Certeau,
Writing of History
, 4.
174
Containing China
are ultimately conducive to the genre’s continued movement toward new
centers.
FAR FROM THE CAPITAL:
NARRATIVE PLACE AT SEA
In the preface to
The China Mirror
, for the first time, there is a setting far
from the capital. In addition to the remote location,
The China Mirror
’s
speaker draws parallels to famous mobile and misunderstood figures such
as Sugawara no Michizane and Bai Juyi (to whom I return below). To-
gether, these combine to suggest that this is an account that will unfold
at great remove from the court at more than one level.
105
In short, even
as Shigenori makes recourse to the familiar notion of “place” as indis-
pensable for a proper
Mirror
, he enacts a major change by setting his
Mir-
ror
far beyond the established territory of the earlier ones. And he does
so at a site that for him clearly does not represent a celebration of the im-
perial court. In contrast to the setting of the earlier works in proximity
to Kyoto or Nara—Urin’in in
The Great Mirror
, Hasedera in
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