THE 3 rd INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
327
change is commonly utilized. The amount of latent heat turning into energy
can be stored with the help of PCM, which absorbs heat during the melting
process and releases it during the solidification process. There is a wide
range of PCMs. However, fatty acids and salt hydrates are offered as two of
the best option, and a comparison between them regarding conditions will be
provided.
Fatty acids come from animals and plants' oil, so they are non-toxic and
resistant to corrosion. Eutectic mixture of pseudo-binary fatty acid systems
(LA–(MA&SA)) is offered as the most effective fatty acid in the PV as PCM
according to its chemical and thermal properties. Considering the average
ambient temperature, the indented melting temperature can be obtained
using various proportions. [4]
Lauric acid Myristic acid Stearic acid Salt hydrates are another type of inorganic Phase Changing Material in
which energy storage can be effectively attained. Salt hydrates are
represented as alloys of inorganic salts (AB) and water having a general
formula of (AB
×
nH2O). Dehydration and hydration processes of the hydrates
can be regarded as Phase Changing steps which are also recalled as melting
and freezing of the material in some sources. These substances dehydrate
either into another hydrate with fewer water molecules or completely
anhydrous salt. Having higher density than other PCMs, these materials
possess high thermal conductivity and latent heat. Their properties of being
nonflammable, biodegradable, recyclable, and wide melting temperature
range make these inorganic PCMs valuable for future investigations. Two
salt hydrates that are under the scope of this research are Lithium Nitrate
Trihydrate (LiNO
3
.3H
2
O) and Sodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate
(Na
2
HPO
4
.12H
2
O) which has latent heat of fusion of 296 and 265-281 kJ/kg
respectively and dehydrate fully with the following equations:
𝐿𝑖𝑁𝑂 . 3𝐻 𝑂 == 𝐿𝑖𝑁𝑂 + 3𝐻 𝑂
𝑁𝑎 𝐻𝑃𝑂 . 12𝐻 𝑂 == 𝑁𝑎 𝐻𝑃𝑂 + 12𝐻 𝑂
While above mentioned fatty acid eutectic mixture possesses excellent
thermal and chemical characteristics, its significant constraints are poor
thermal conductivity, issues with charging and discharging operations, and
shape stability. The main side effects are the disadvantages of salt hydrates,
corrosive to metals, instability resulting in phase decomposition, and