Tezislər / Theses

TECHNIQUES TO PRODUCE GREEN HYDROGEN IN 
AZERBAIJAN 
Taliya Mammadhasanzada, Ayshan Zulfiyeva 
Baku Higher Oil School,
[e-mail], [e-mail]
Supervisor: Azar Salimov
Keywords:
Green hydrogen, Electrolysis, Gibbs’s energy, Environmental Issues 
Nowadays, most of the potential environmental problems (acid rain, 
stratospheric ozone depletion, and global climate change) occur because of 
harmful pollutants- CO
2
emissions. Hydrogen energy appears to be one of 
the most effective solutions and can play a significant role in providing a 

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THE 3
rd
 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
459
better environment and sustainability. The pollutants due to combustion are 
the CO
2
, CO, SO
2
, NO
x
, O3 and ash. These adverse effects extend from 
humans to water resources, plants, forests, animals, oil spills, effects on 
climate (e.g., the process of climate change with the associated temperature 
rise, ice melting, and ocean waters rise).
There are several ways to produce green hydrogen in Azerbaijan, such 
as thermal, electrical, photonic, biochemical techniques.
In thermochemical processes, heating, combustion of natural gas, coal 
helps deliver hydrogen; such processes are biomass gasification, solar 
thermochemical hydrogen, liquid reforming. With the help of electrolysis, 
water is to be split into hydrogen and oxygen; in the case of using green energy 
(solar, wind, biomass), the delivered hydrogen will be green. Biological 
processes are under development, it is not commercially available, and R&D 
is on the stage; the photobiological and microbial biomass conversion 
processes are two examples.
Based on the information of The State Agency on Alternative and 
Renewable Energy Sources (SAARES), the electrolysis method is under 
development and tested in the research centers; its methodology is derived 
by the movement of electrons which are continuously circulated through an 
external circuit, transmitted Gibb’s energy is helpful to determine work for 
including green hydrogen.
𝑑𝐺 =
𝑑(𝜇 𝜂 ) − 𝑠𝑑𝑇 + 𝜐𝑑𝑃
𝜇
-chemical potential, 
𝜂
-number of moles. 
Lastly, producing green hydrogen is 
dependent on the cost of electrolyzers; 
increasing the size of electrolyzes to 20 MW 
would be able to decrease the costs by more 
than one-third. Still, according to the 
IRENA, “the road map required to limit global 
warming to 1.5°C could cut the cost of 
electrolyzers by about 40% by 2030”. 
Another topic area of the hydrogen 
grand challenge is its storage which limits its 
wide application. Overall, novel storage 
techniques for hydrogen should address three aspects of the economy, 
safety, and efficiency. This is achieved by high-pressure gas compression, 
liquefication, storing hydrogen as a molecular form directly, reducing it to 
hydrocarbons, in metal hydrides using CO2, or by chemically reacting it with 
other materials. Currently, as it is economically favorable and has highly 
efficient, the most favored method of storage is its high-pressure gas 
compression. The Liquefication technique, however, has higher operational