struggle by means of 'positive' collaboration; that is, in this case,
by acceptance of the existing order, thus ultimately leading to a
putrid peace.
And this is what happened to the PanGerman movement
because it had not from the outset laid its chief stress on winning
supporters from the circles of the great masses.
It achieved
'bourgeois respectability and a muffled radicalism.'
From this error arose the second cause of its rapid decline.
At the time of the emergence of the PanGerman movement the
situation of the Germans in Austria was already desperate. From
year to year the parliament had increasingly become an
institution for the slow destruction of the German people. Any
attempt at salvation in the eleventh hour could offer even the
slightest hope of success only if this institution were eliminated.
Thus the movement was faced
with a question of basic
importance:
Should its members, to destroy parliament, go into parliament, in
order, as people used to say, 'to bore from within,' or should they
carry on the struggle from outside by an attack on this institution
as such?
They went in and they came out defeated.
To be sure, they couldn't help but go in.
To carry on the struggle against such a power from outside
means to arm with unflinching courage and to be prepared for
endless sacrifices. You seize the bull by the horns, you suffer
many
heavy blows, you are sometimes thrown to the earth,
sometimes
you get up with broken limbs, and only after the
hardest contest does victory reward the bold assailant. Only the
greatness of the sacrifices will win new fighters for the cause,
until at last tenacity is rewarded by success.
But for this the sons of the broad masses are required.
They alone are determined and tough enough to carry through the
fight to its bloody end.
And the PanGerman movement
did not possess these broad
masses; thus no course remained open but to go into parliament
It would be a mistake to believe that this decision was the result
of long soul torments, or even meditations; no, no other idea
entered their heads. Participation in this absurdity was only the
sediment resulting from general, unclear conceptions regarding
the significance and effect of such a participation in an institution
which had in principle been recognized as false. In general, the
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