demonstrated benefit from treating hypertension with antihypertensive drug therapy used
a wide variety of inclusion criteria and variable techniques for measuring blood pressure.
As a result, the decision to initiate antihypertensive therapy in individual patients,
particularly those not well-represented in clinical trials, is sometimes uncertain.
The decision to initiate drug therapy should be individualized and involve shared decision-
making between patient and provider. In general, we suggest that antihypertensive drug
therapy be initiated in the following hypertensive patients (our suggestions broadly agree
with those recommendations made by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American
However, data are limited on the risks and benefits of initiating antihypertensive therapy in
patients who have stage 1 hypertension (130 to 139 mmHg systolic and 80 to 89 mmHg
diastolic) and who are either over the age of 75 or who have an estimated 10-year risk of
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease of at least 10 percent (but no clinical cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease). For these specific patient populations, we
suggest an individualized approach with shared decision-making and would consider
withholding antihypertensive therapy among those with recurrent falls, dementia, multiple
comorbidities, orthostatic hypotension, residence in a nursing home, or limited life
expectancy.
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