122
Deviant by Design
ing exception of the ability of En no Gy
ō
ja (an acquaintance of the im-
mortal narrator, no less) to fly back and forth between Japan and the con-
tinent, Tadachika includes few references to “overseas” or interregional
events other than the early building, burning, and rebuilding of temples
in India.
85
Moreover, those figures who do move across borders are nearly
all monks. Mobile Buddhist figures such as K
ū
kai, Saich
ō
, and Ennin
study or train on the continent and play key roles in the transmission of
artifacts and knowledge, but they do not play overtly interregional po-
litical or economic roles.
One outstanding example of this tendency is the portrayal of Prince
Sh
ō
toku (574–622).
The Water Mirror
contains numerous anecdotes about
his life, but most of them focus on him as a virtuous student of Buddhism
or provider of wise counsel. The events related from his youth include the
list of auspicious signs surrounding his birth and his recollection of a pre-
vious monkish existence in China.
86
Even the account of Sh
ō
toku’s alli-
ance with Minister Soga to create an army to crush Minister Moriya in
the military campaign mentioned above, which is an exception to the ten-
dency to describe Sh
ō
toku as politically disengaged, is framed as a result
of Moriya’s misguided disdain for Buddhism.
87
However, the extent to
which
The Water Mirror
elides Sh
ō
toku’s secular achievements is most evi-
dent in the biography of Empress Suiko (554–628). Although Sh
ō
toku is
credited with ruling in the empress’s stead from the fourth month of her
rule onward, the narrator’s focus is apolitical. Sh
ō
toku has a mysterious
piece of driftwood that has magical properties carved into an image of
Kannon, and he rides a flying horse to Mount Fuji, but there is nothing
to indicate his governmental duties.
The narrator’s rejection of the overtly political aspects of Sh
ō
toku’s
persona becomes most obvious in the account of the second decade of
Suiko’s reign. In the eleventh year, Sh
ō
toku presents an image of the Bud-
dha Maitreya to Hata no Kawakatsu (early seventh century), who then
has Hachiokadera Temple built to house it. From there, the account skips
ahead to the fourteenth year, in which Sh
ō
toku holds lectures on the
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