Sbu • Statens beredning för medicinsk utvärdering The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care



Yüklə 4,3 Mb.
Pdf görüntüsü
səhifə35/42
tarix15.03.2017
ölçüsü4,3 Mb.
#11507
1   ...   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   ...   42

Author, year, reference

Main reason for exclusion

Messer, 2000 [185]

Narrative review

Moss et al, 1995 [186]

Narrative review

Neilson et al, 1991 [187]

Relationship only

Newbrun et al, 1984 [188]

Backward prediction

Nordblad et al, 1985 [189]

Not prediction

Nuttall et al, 1997 [190]

Caries not outcome measure

Nuttall et al, 2002 [191]

Outcome measure only ROC

O’Hickey et al, 1983 [192]

Not prediction

O’Sullivan et al, 1996 [193]

Correlation only

Palin-Palokas et al, 1984 [194]

Descriptive, not prediction

Paunio et al, 1993 [195]

Not prediction

Peretz et al, 2003 [196]

Correlations only, retrospective 

Persson et al, 1984 [197]

Correlations only

Persson et al, 1985 [198]

Correlations only

Petti et al, 1999 [199]

Cross-sectional study

Pienihäkkinen et al, 2005 [200]

Only correlations

Pitts, 1998 [201]

Narrative review

Potoczek et al, 1972 [202]

Not prediction

Poulsen, 1987 [203]

Retrospective, selected sample

Poulsen et al, 1980 [204]

Retrospective, heterogeneous sample

Poulton et al, 1997 [205]

No caries prediction study (dental fear)

Powell, 1998 [206]

Narrative review

Raitio et al, 1996 [207]

Too short follow-up (1 month)

Raitio et al, 1996 [208]

Too short follow-up (11 months)

Reisine et al, 1994 [209]

Large attrition (about 60%)

Retnakumari, 1999 [210]

Cross-sectional study

Rise et al, 1979 [211]

Prediction of filled surfaces only

Rodrigues et al, 2000 [212]

Not prediction

Roeters et al, 1994 [213]

Not prediction (not prospective)

Rugg-Gunn et al, 1984 [214]

Correlations with respect to confounders

Rugg-Gunn et al, 1987 [215]

Starch vs sugar; correlation only

Rundegren et al, 1978 [216]

Small sample (n=18)

Russell et al, 1990 [217]

Same sample as Russell et al 1991 [36]

Table 5.10 continued

The table continues on the next page


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

306


Table 5.10 continued

Author, year, reference

Main reason for exclusion

Rymar, 1981 [218]

Pilot study

Saemundsson et al, 1997 [219]

Cross-sectional study

Sayegh et al, 1997 [220]

Cross-sectional study

Schröder et al, 1983 [221]

Cross-sectional study

Schröder et al, 1987 [222]

Cross-sectional study

Schwartz et al, 1998 [223]

Not caries prediction

Seki et al, 2003 [224]

Too short follow-up time (6 months)

Sigurjóns et al, 1995 [225]

Heterogeneous sample

Slade et al, 1994 [226]

Descriptive study

Sohn et al, 2006 [227]

Cross-sectional study

Steiner et al, 1992 [228]

Modelling of data

Szpunar et al, 1995 [229]

Same material as Burt et al 1994 [40]

Thibodeau et al, 1999 [230]

Only correlations

Tinanoff, 1995 [231]

Narrative review

Twetman et al, 1990 [232]

Not prediction

Twetman et al, 1991 [233]

Cross-sectional study

Twetman et al, 1999 [234]

Not answering the question

Vanderas et al, 2003 [235]

Narrative review

Vanderas et al, 2004 [236]

Tooth surface risk assessment

van Houte, 1993 [237]

Narrative review

van Palenstein Helderman et al,  

2001 [238]

Method applied to old data

van Palenstein Helderman et al,  

2001 [239]

Method applied to old data

Vanobbergen et al, 2001 [37]

Cross-sectional study

Vecchio, 1966 [240]

Methodology

Vehkalahti et al, 1996 [241]

Selected small sample (n=66),  

retrospective study

Wendt et al, 1995 [242]

Correlations only (caries experience and diet)

Wendt et al, 1999 [243]

Correlations only (caries experience  

and immigrant status)

Verrips et al, 1993 [244]

Correlations only

Virtanen et al, 1997 [245]

Caries not the outcome, retrospective study

Wogelius et al, 2004 [246]

Important confounders not included  

(only asthma)



The table continues on the next page

307

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g



The table continues on the next page

Author, year, reference

Main reason for exclusion

Zadik, 1976 [247]

Associations only

Zhang et al, 2006 [35]

Correlations only

Zimmer et al, 2004 [248]

Small sample (n=40)

Post-eruptive age as risk factor

Burt et al, 1990 [249]

Caries not outcome measure

Carvalho et al, 1989 [116]

Cross-sectional

Cook, 1984 [250]

Not related to age

Gruythuysen et al, 1992 [251]

Not age-related analysis

Hannigan et al, 2000 [252]

Methodological study

Reis et al, 1998 [253]

Cross-sectional

Korhonen et al, 2003 [254]

Retrospective

Li et al, 1993 [255]

Cross-sectional

Luan et al, 1989 [256]

Cross-sectional

Löfstedt-Stålhane, 1961 [257]

No adequate analysis

Marthaler et al, 1990 [258]

Cross-sectional

Patz et al, 1971 [259]

Cross-sectional

Poppe et al, 1990 [260]

Not age-related analysis

Rugarabamu et al, 2002 [261]

Not age-related analysis

Scheie, 1986 [262]

Narrative review

Suni et al, 1998 [263]

Diagnostic criteria not described

Sutcliffe, 1972 [264]

Not age-related analysis

Vanderas et al, 2003 [265]

Not age-related analysis

Wong et al, 1997 [266]

Not age-related analysis

Woodward et al, 1996 [267]

Not age-related analysis

Adults

Bergman et al, 1986 [103]

Cross-sectional

Clarkson, 1995 [268]

Narrative review

Drake et al, 1994 [127]

Too short follow-up

Ellen et al, 1985 [269]

Correlations only

Fure et al, 1990 [270]

Prevalence data only

Fure, 1997 [271]

Correlations only

Galan et al, 1993 [272]

Narrative review

Gift et al, 1994 [273]

Not prediction

Table 5.10 continued

The table continues on the next page


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

308


Author, year, reference

Main reason for exclusion

Graves et al, 1992 [274]

Cross-sectional, associations

Guivante-Nabet et al, 1999 [275]

Associations only

Gustavsen et al, 1988 [276]

Cross-sectional

Hand et al, 1988 [277]

Incidence data only

Hunt et al, 1989 [278]

Correlations only

Joshi et al, 1993 [279]

Too short follow-up

Keltjens et al, 1987 [280]

Associations only

Kitamura et al, 1986 [281]

Cross-sectional

Lawrence et al, 1996 [282]

Incidence data only

Locker et al, 1989 [283]

Cross-sectional

MacEntee, 1994 [177]

Narrative review

McGuire et al, 1993 [284]

Cross-sectional

Mojon et al, 1995 [285]

Examiner agreement

Nuttall et al, 2002 [191]

Caries risk/diagnosis

Rask et al, 1988 [286]

Not prediction

Ravald et al, 1993 [287]

Too small sample (n=27)

Reisine et al, 1994 [209]

Prediction, no risk assessment?

Scheinin et al, 1992 [288]

Same sample as Scheinin et al 1994 [56]

Schwarz et al, 1994 [289]

Interviews, no prediction

Slade et al, 1994 [226]

Baseline survey

Steele et al, 2001 [290]

Cross-sectional

Sundh et al, 1989 [291]

Not prediction

Thomson et al, 2002 [292]

Only associations

Thomson, 2004 [293]

Narrative review

Unell, 1999 [294]

Questionnaire

Van Houte et al, 1990 [295]

Associations only

Worthington et al, 1997 [296]

Caries not outcome measure

Ylöstalo et al, 2003 [297]

Questionnaire

Table 5.10 continued


309

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

1. Tandhälsan hos barn och ungdomar 

1985–2005. Artikelnr 2006-107-21.  

Socialstyrelsen; 2006.

2. Mejàre I, Stenlund H, Zelezny- 

Holmlund C. Caries incidence and lesion 

progression from adolescence to young adult-

hood: a prospective 15-year cohort study in 

Sweden. Caries Res 2004;38:130-41.

3. Black G. Gelatine-foming microorgan-

isms. Independent Practitioner 1886;7:546.

4. Black G. Susceptibility and immunity to 

dental caries. Dental Cosmos 1899;41:826.

5. Black G. Black’s conclusions reviewed 

again. Dental Cosmos 1989;40:440.

6. Miller W. The microorganisms of the 

human mouth. Philadelphia, S.S. White 

Dental Manufacturing Co; 1890.

7. Beck JD. Risk revisited. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1998;26:220-5.

8. Burt BA. Concepts of risk in dental 

public health. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 2005;33:240-7.

9. Kingman A. Statistical issues in risk 

models for caries. In: Bader J, editor. Risk 

assessment in dentistry. Chapil Hill, NC: 

University of North Carolina Dental  

Ecology; 1990. p 193-200.

10. Beck JD, Weintraub JA, Disney JA, 

Graves RC, Stamm JW, Kaste LM, et al. 

University of North Carolina Caries Risk 

Assessment Study: comparisons of high risk 

prediction, any risk prediction, and any risk 

etiologic models. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1992;20:313-21.

11. Disney JA, Graves RC, Stamm JW,  

Bohannan HM, Abernathy JR, Zack DD. 

The University of North Carolina Caries 

Risk Assessment study: further develop-

ments in caries risk prediction. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1992;20:64-75.

12. Stamm JW, Stewart PW, Bohannan 

HM, Disney JA, Graves RC, Abernathy 

JR. Risk assessment for oral diseases.  

Adv Dent Res 1991;5:4-17.

13. Thenisch NL, Bachmann LM, Imfeld 

T, Leisebach Minder T, Steurer J. Are 

mutans streptococci detected in preschool 

children a reliable predictive factor for den-

tal caries risk? A systematic review. Caries 

Res 2006;40:366-74.

14. Harris R, Nicoll AD, Adair PM, Pine 

CM. Risk factors for dental caries in 

young children: a systematic review of 

the literature. Community Dent Health 

2004;21:71-85.

15. Grindefjord M, Dahllöf G, Nilsson 

B, Modéer T. Prediction of dental caries 

development in 1-year-old children. Caries 

Res 1995;29:343-8.

16. Grindefjord M, Dahllöf G, Nilsson B, 

Modéer T. Stepwise prediction of dental 

caries in children up to 3.5 years of age. 

Caries Res 1996;30:256-66.

17. Pienihäkkinen K, Jokela J. Clinical 

outcomes of risk-based caries prevention  

in preschool-aged children. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 2002;30:143-50.

18. Pienihäkkinen K, Jokela J, Alanen P. 

Assessment of caries risk in preschool  

children. Caries Res 2004;38:156-62.



Referenser

K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

310


19. Karjalainen S, Söderling E, Sewón L, 

Lapinleimu H, Simell O. A prospective 

study on sucrose consumption, visible 

plaque and caries in children from 3 to  

6 years of age. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 2001;29:136-42.

20. Alaluusua S, Malmivirta R. Early 

plaque accumulation – a sign for caries risk 

in young children. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1994;22:273-6.

21. Demers M, Brodeur JM, Mouton C, 

Simard PL, Trahan L, Veilleux G. A multi-

variate model to predict caries increment in 

Montreal children aged 5 years. Community 

Dent Health 1992;9:273-81.

22. Holbrook WP, de Soet JJ, de Graaff J. 

Prediction of dental caries in pre-school 

children. Caries Res 1993;27:424-30.

23. Schröder U, Widenheim J, Peyron M, 

Hägg E. Prediction of caries in 1 1/2-year-

old children. Swed Dent J 1994;18:95-104.

24. Sullivan Å, Granath L, Widenheim J. 

Correlation between child caries incidence 

and S. mutans/lactobacilli in saliva after cor-

rection for confounding factors. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1989;17:240-4.

25. Thibodeau EA, O’Sullivan DM. 

Salivary mutans streptococci and incidence 

of caries in preschool children. Caries Res 

1995;29:148-53.

26. Twetman S, Petersson LG. Prediction 

of caries in pre-school children in rela-

tion to fluoride exposure. Eur J Oral Sci 

1996;104:523-8.

27. Wendt LK, Hallonsten AL, Koch G, 

Birkhed D. Analysis of caries-related factors 

in infants and toddlers living in Sweden. 

Acta Odontol Scand 1996;54:131-7.

28. Ollila P, Niemelä M, Uhari M, Larmas 

M. Prolonged pacifier-sucking and use of a 

nursing bottle at night: possible risk factors 

for dental caries in children. Acta Odontol 

Scand 1998;56:233-7.

29. Burt BA, Pai S. Does low birth- 

weight increase the risk of caries? 

A systematic review. J Dent Educ 

2001;65:1024-7.

30. Raadal M, Espelid I. Caries preva-

lence in primary teeth as a predictor of 

early fissure caries in permanent first 

molars. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1992;20:30-4.

31. Skeie MS, Raadal M, Strand GV, 

Espelid I. The relationship between caries 

in the primary dentition at 5 years of age 

and permanent dentition at 10 years of age 

– a longitudinal study. Int J Paediatr Dent 

2006;16:152-60.

32. Stewart PW, Stamm JW. Classification 

tree prediction models for dental caries 

from clinical, microbiological, and inter-

view data. J Dent Res 1991;70:1239-51.

33. ter Pelkwijk A, van Palenstein Helderman 

WH, van Dijk JW. Caries experience in the 

deciduous dentition as predictor for caries 

in the permanent dentition. Caries Res 

1990;24:65-71.

34. Vanobbergen J, Martens L, Lesaffre 

E, Bogaerts K, Declerck D. The value of a 

baseline caries risk assessment model in the 

primary dentition for the prediction of car-

ies incidence in the permanent dentition. 

Caries Res 2001;35:442-50.

35. Zhang Q, van Palenstein Helderman 

WH. Caries experience variables as indica-

tors in caries risk assessment in 6–7-year-old 

Chinese children. J Dent 2006;34:676-81.


311

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

36. Russell JI, MacFarlane TW, Aitchison 

TC, Stephen KW, Burchell CK. Prediction 

of caries increment in Scottish adoles-

cents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1991;19:74-7.

37. Vanobbergen J, Martens L, Lesaffre 

E, Bogaerts K, Declerck D. Assessing risk 

indicators for dental caries in the primary 

dentition. Community Dent Oral Epide-

miol 2001;29:424-34.

38. Stenlund H, Mejàre I, Källestål C.  

Caries rates related to approximal caries  

at ages 11–13: a 10-year follow-up study  

in Sweden. J Dent Res 2002;81:455-8.

39. Hänsel Petersson G, Twetman S,  

Bratthall D. Evaluation of a computer pro-

gram for caries risk assessment in school-

children. Caries Res 2002;36:327-40.

40. Burt BA, Szpunar SM. The Michigan 

study: the relationship between sugars 

intake and dental caries over three years. 

Int Dent J 1994;44:230-40.

41. Burt BA, Pai S. Sugar consumption 

and caries risk: a systematic review. J Dent 

Educ 2001;65:1017-23.

42. Alaluusua S, Kleemola-Kujala E, 

Grönroos L, Evälahti M. Salivary caries-

related tests as predictors of future caries 

increment in teenagers. A three-year lon-

gitudinal study. Oral Microbiol Immunol 

1990;5:77-81.

43. Hausen H, Kärkkainen S, Seppä L.  

Application of the high-risk strategy to 

control dental caries. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 2000;28:26-34.

44. Pienihäkkinen K. Caries prediction 

through combined use of incipient car-

ies lesions, salivary buffering capacity, 

lactobacilli and yeasts in Hungary [cor-

rected]. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1987;15:325-8.

45. Pienihäkkinen K, Nemes J, Scheinin A, 

Bánóczy J. Salivary buffering capacity and 

its relation to caries increment in children. 

Proc Finn Dent Soc 1987;83:47-54.

46. Wilson RF, Ashley FP. Identification of 

caries risk in schoolchildren: salivary buff-

ering capacity and bacterial counts, sugar 

intake and caries experience as predictors 

of 2-year and 3-year caries increment. Br 

Dent J 1989;167:99-102.

47. Abernathy JR, Graves RC, Greenberg 

BG, Bohannan HM, Disney JA. Applica-

tion of life table methodology in determin-

ing dental caries rates. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1986;14:261-4.

48. Baelum V, Machiulskiene V, Nyvad B, 

Richards A, Vaeth M. Application of sur-

vival analysis to carious lesion transitions in 

intervention trials. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 2003;31:252-60.

49. Carlos JP, Gittelsohn AM. Longitudi-

nal Studies of the Natural History of Car-

ies. I. Eruption Patterns of the Permanent 

Teeth. J Dent Res 1965;44:509-16.

50. Månsson B. Caries progression in the 

first permanent molars. A longitudinal 

study. Swed Dent J 1977;1:185-91.

51. Shwartz M, Gröndahl HG, Pliskin JS, 

Boffa J. A longitudinal analysis from bite-

wing radiographs of the rate of progression 

of approximal carious lesions through 

human dental enamel. Arch Oral Biol 

1984;29:529-36.

52. Beck JD, Kohout F, Hunt RJ. Identifi-

cation of high caries risk adults: attitudes, 



K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

312


social factors and diseases. Int Dent J 

1988;38:231-8.

53. Gilbert GH, Duncan RP, Dolan TA, 

Foerster U. Twenty-four month incidence 

of root caries among a diverse group of 

adults. Caries Res 2001;35:366-75.

54. Takano N, Ando Y, Yoshihara A, 

Miyazaki H. Factors associated with root 

caries incidence in an elderly population. 

Community Dent Health 2003;20:217-22.

55. Ravald N, Birkhed D. Prediction of 

root caries in periodontally treated patients 

maintained with different fluoride pro-

grammes. Caries Res 1992;26:450-8.

56. Scheinin A, Pienihäkkinen K, Tiekso J, 

Holmberg S, Fukuda M, Suzuki A. Mul-

tifactorial modeling for root caries predic-

tion: 3-year follow-up results. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1994;22:126-9.

57. SBU. Att förebygga karies. En systema-

tisk litteraturöversikt. Stockholm: Statens 

beredning för medicinsk utvärdering 

(SBU); 2002. SBU-rapport nr 161.

58. Altman DG, Machin D, Bryant TN, 

Gardner MJ. Statistics with confidence, 

BMJ Books; 2000.

59. Abernathy JR, Graves RC, Bohannan 

HM, Stamm JW, Greenberg BG, Disney JA. 

Development and application of a prediction 

model for dental caries. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1987;15:24-8.

60. Zero D, Fontana M, Lennon AM. 

Clinical applications and outcomes of  

using indicators of risk in caries manage-

ment. J Dent Educ 2001;65:1126-32.

61. Batchelor PA, Sheiham A. The Dis-

tribution of burden of dental caries in 

schoolchildren: A critique of the high risk 

caries prevention strategy for populations. 

BMC Oral Health 2006;6:3.

62. Altman DG. Systematic reviews  

of evaluations of prognostic variables.  

BMJ 2001;323:224-8.

63. Hudak PL, Cole DC, Haines AT.  

Understanding prognosis to improve rehab- 

ilitation: the example of lateral ebow pain. 

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:586-93.

64. Ekman A. Dental caries and related  

factors – a longitudinal study of Finnish 

immigrant children in the north of  

Sweden. Swed Dent J 1990;14:93-9.

65. Levy SM, Warren JJ, Broffitt B,  

Hillis SL, Kanellis MJ. Fluoride, bever- 

ages and dental caries in the primary  

dentition. Caries Res 2003;37:157-65.

66. Li Y, Wang W. Predicting caries in 

permanent teeth from caries in primary 

teeth: an eight-year cohort study. J Dent 

Res 2002;81:561-6.

67. Marshall TA, Levy SM, Broffitt B, 

Warren JJ, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, 

Burns TL, et al. Dental caries and beverage 

consumption in young children. Pediatrics 

2003;112:e184-91.

68. Mattila ML, Rautava P, Aromaa M, 

Ojanlatva A, Paunio P, Hyssälä L, et al.  

Behavioural and demographic factors dur-

ing early childhood and poor dental health 

at 10 years of age. Caries Res 2005;39: 

85-91.


69. Tsubouchi J, Yamamoto S, Shimono 

T, Domoto PK. A longitudinal assessment 

of predictive value of a caries activity test 

in young children. ASDC J Dent Child 

1995;62:34-7.


313

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

70. Alaluusua S, Kleemola-Kujala E,  

Nyström M, Evalahti M, Grönroos L. 

Caries in the primary teeth and salivary 

Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus 

levels as indicators of caries in permanent 

teeth. Pediatr Dent 1987;9:126-30.

71. Alaluusua S. Salivary counts of mutans 

streptococci and lactobacilli and past caries 

experience in caries prediction. Caries Res 

1993;27 Suppl 1:68-71.

72. David J, Raadal M, Wang NJ, Strand 

GV. Caries increment and prediction from 

12 to 18 years of age: a follow-up study. 

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2006;7:31-7.

73. de Liefde B. Identification and  

preventive care of high caries-risk  

children: a longitudinal study. N Z  

Dent J 1989;85:112-6.

74. Lith A, Gröndahl HG. Predicting de-

velopment of approximal dentin lesions by 

means of past caries experience. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1992;20:25-9.

75. Mattiasson-Robertson A, Twetman S. 

Prediction of caries incidence in school-

children living in a high and a low fluoride 

area. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1993;21:365-9.

76. Mattila ML, Rautava P, Paunio P, 

Ojanlatva A, Hyssälä L, Helenius H, et al. 

Caries experience and caries increments at 

10 years of age. Caries Res 2001;35:435-41.

77. Petti S, Hausen HW. Caries prediction 

by multiple salivary mutans streptococcal 

counts in caries-free children with different 

levels of fluoride exposure, oral hygiene and 

sucrose intake. Caries Res 2000;34:380-7.

78. Seppä L, Hausen H. Frequency of 

initial caries lesions as predictor of future 

caries increment in children. Scand J Dent 

Res 1988;96:9-13.

79. Seppä L, Hausen H, Pollanen L, 

Helasharju K, Karkkainen S. Past caries 

recordings made in Public Dental Clinics 

as predictors of caries prevalence in early 

adolescence. Community Dent Oral  

Epidemiol 1989;17:277-81.

80. Splieth C, Bernhardt O. Prediction of 

caries development for molar fissures with 

semiquantitative mutans streptococci test. 

Eur J Oral Sci 1999;107:164-9.

81. Stecksén-Blicks C. Salivary counts 

of lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans 

in caries prediction. Scand J Dent Res 

1985;93:204-12.

82. Swenson JI, Liljemark WF, Schuman 

LM. A longitudinal epidemiologic evalua-

tion of the association between the detection 

of plaque streptococci and development 

of dental caries in children. In: Stiles HN, 

Loesche WJ, O’Brien TC, editors. Proceed-

ings, “Microbial aspects of dental caries”. 

Washington DC: Informational Retrieval 

Inc; 1976. p 211-22.

83. Drake CW, Beck JD, Lawrence HP, 

Koch GG. Three-year coronal caries inci-

dence and risk factors in North Carolina 

elderly. Caries Res 1997;31:1-7.

84. Ettinger RL, Jakobsen J. Caries: a problem 

in an overdenture population. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1990;18:42-5.

85. Hawkins RJ, Jutai DK, Brothwell DJ, 

Locker D. Three-year coronal caries inci-

dence in older Canadian adults. Caries Res 

1997;31:405-10.

86. Hänsel Petersson G, Fure S, Bratthall 

D. Evaluation of a computer-based caries 



K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

314


risk assessment program in an elderly 

group of in-dividuals. Acta Odontol Scand 

2003;61:164-71.

87. Lawrence HP, Hunt RJ, Beck JD. 

Three-year root caries incidence and risk 

modeling in older adults in North Caro-

lina. J Public Health Dent 1995;55:69-78.

88. Leske GS, Ripa LW. Three-year root 

caries increments: implications for clinical 

trials. J Public Health Dent 1989;49:142-6.

89. Locker D. Incidence of root caries in an 

older Canadian population. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1996;24:403-7.

90. MacEntee MI, Clark DC, Glick N. Pre-

dictors of caries in old age. Gerodontology 

1993;10:90-7.

91. Aaltonen AS, Suhonen JT, Tenovuo J, 

Inkilä-Saari I. Efficacy of a slow-release 

device containing fluoride, xylitol and 

sorbitol in preventing infant caries. Acta 

Odontol Scand 2000;58:285-92.

92. Aaltonen AS, Tenovuo J. Association  

between mother-infant salivary contacts  

and caries resistance in children: a cohort 

study. Pediatr Dent 1994;16:110-6.

93. Alaluusua S, Renkonen OV. Streptococ-

cus mutans establishment and dental caries 

experience in children from 2 to 4 years 

old. Scand J Dent Res 1983;91:453-7.

94. Alanen P, Hurskainen K, Isokangas 

P, Pietilä I, Levänen J, Saarni UM, et al. 

Clinician’s ability to identify caries risk 

subjects. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1994;22:86-9.

95. Anderson M. Risk assessment and 

epidemiology of dental caries: review of the 

literature. Pediatr Dent 2002;24:377-85.

96. Ashley FP, Sainsbury RH. The effect 

of a school-based plaque control pro-

gramme on caries and gingivitis. A 3-year 

study in 11 to 14-year-old girls. Br Dent J 

1981;150:41-5.

97. al-Shalan TA, Erickson PR, Hardie 

NA. Primary incisor decay before age 4 as 

a risk factor for future dental caries. Pediatr 

Dent 1997;19:37-41.

98. Bader JD, Rozier RG, Lohr KN, Frame 

PS. Physicians’ roles in preventing dental 

caries in preschool children: a summary 

of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive 

Services Task Force. Am J Prev Med 

2004;26:315-25.

99. Bader JD, Graves RC, Disney JA,  

Bohannan HM, Stamm JW, Abernathy JR, 

et al. Identifying children who will experi-

ence high caries increments. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1986;14:198-201.

100. Bader JD, Perrin NA, Maupomé G, 

Rindal B, Rush WA. Validation of a simple 

approach to caries risk assessment. J Public 

Health Dent 2005;65:76-81.

101. Bawden JW, Granath L, Holst K, 

Koch G, Krasse P, Rootzén H. Effect 

of mouthrinsing with a sodium fluoride 

solution in children with different caries 

experience. Swed Dent J 1980;4:111-7.

102. Benn DK, Dankel DD, 2nd, Clark 

D, Lesser RB, Bridgwater AB. Standard-

izing data collection and decision mak-

ing with an expert system. J Dent Educ 

1997;61:885-94.

103. Bergman B, Ericson G. Cross-section-

al study of patients treated with removable 

partial dentures with special reference 

to the caries situation. Scand J Dent Res 

1986;94:436-42.



315

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

104. Berkey DB, Berg RG, Ettinger RL, 

Meskin LH. Research review of oral health 

status and service use among institutional-

ized older adults in the United States and 

Canada. Spec Care Dentist 1991;11:131-6.

105. Bille J. Development and distribution 

of proximal caries in 303 9–20-year-old 

individuals in a Copenhagen suburb. Scand 

J Dent Res 1980;88:291-5.

106. Birkeland JM, Broach L, Jorkjend L. 

Caries experience as predictor for caries in-

cidence. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1976;4:66-9.

107. Bjerkeborn K, Dahllöf G, Hedlin G, 

Lindell M, Modéer T. Effect of disease 

severity and pharmacotherapy of asthma  

on oral health in asthmatic children.  

Scand J Dent Res 1987;95:159-64.

108. Botha FS, Botha SJ, Kroon J, Steyn PL. 

Caries prediction factors in children with 

primary dentition. Sadj 2001;56:348-52.

109. Bratthall D. A Streptococcus mutans 

Safari! J Dent Res 1997;76:1332-6.

110. Burt BA, Loesche WJ, Eklund SA, 

Earnest RW. Stability of Streptococcus 

mutans and its relationship to caries in a 

child population over 2 years. Caries Res 

1983;17:532-42.

111. Burt BA, Eklund SA, Morgan KJ, 

Larkin FE, Guire KE, Brown LO, et al. 

The effects of sugars intake and frequency 

of ingestion on dental caries increment in 

a three-year longitudinal study. J Dent Res 

1988;67:1422-9.

112. Burt BA. Relative consumption of  

sucrose and other sugars: has it been a fac-

tor in reduced caries experience? Caries  

Res 1993;27 Suppl 1:56-63.

113. Campus G, Lumbau A, Lai S,  

Falcolini G. Mutans streptococci, lactoba-

cilli and caries experience in 6- to 8-year-

old Sardinian urban children. Caries Res 

1997;31:299.

114. Campus G, Lumbau A, Bachisio 

SL. Caries experience and streptococci 

and lactobacilli salivary levels in 6–8-

year-old Sardinians. Int J Paediatr Dent 

2000;10:306-12.

115. Campus G, Lumbau A, Lai S, Solinas 

G, Castiglia P. Socio-economic and behav-

ioural factors related to caries in twelve-

year-old Sardinian children. Caries Res 

2001;35:427-34.

116. Carvalho JC, Ekstrand KR, Thylstrup 

A. Dental plaque and caries on occlusal 

surfaces of first permanent molars in 

relation to stage of eruption. J Dent Res 

1989;68:773-9.

117.  Caufield PW, Cutter GR, Dasanayake 

AP. Initial acquisition of mutans streptococ-

ci by infants: evidence for a discrete window 

of infectivity. J Dent Res 1993;72:37-45.

118. Chase I, Berkowitz RJ, Mundorff-

Shrestha SA, Proskin HM, Weinstein P, 

Billings R. Clinical outcomes for Early 

Childhood Caries (ECC): the influence  

of salivary mutans streptococci levels.  

Eur J Paediatr Dent 2004;5:143-6.

119. Cleaton-Jones P, Hargreaves JA, Beere 

D, Matejka J, Hargreaves V. Use of DI-S 

and CPITN as predictors in dental caries 

studies in the primary dentition. J Dent  

Assoc S Afr 1991;46:503-5.

120. Crossner CG. Salivary lactobacillus 

counts in the prediction of caries activ-

ity. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1981;9:182-90.


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

316


121. Demers M, Brodeur JM, Simard PL, 

Mouton C, Veilleux G, Fréchette S. Caries 

predictors suitable for mass-screenings in 

children: a literature review. Community 

Dent Health 1990;7:11-21.

122. Disney JA, Abernathy JR, Graves RC, 

Mauriello SM, Bohannan HM, Zack DD. 

Comparative effectiveness of visual/tactile 

and simplified screening examinations in 

caries risk assessment. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1992;20:326-32.

123. Dodds MW, Suddick RP. Caries risk 

assessment for determination of focus and 

intensity of prevention in a dental school 

clinic. J Dent Educ 1995;59:945-56.

124. Douglass CW. Risk assessment in 

dentistry. J Dent Educ 1998;62:756-61.

125. Downer MC. Caries prediction from 

initial measurements in clinical trial sub-

jects. Pharmacol Ther Dent 1978;3:117-22.

126. Downer MC. Caries prediction from 

epidemiologic data. In: Bibby BG, Shern RJ. 

Proceedings “Methods of caries prediction”. 

Microbial Abstracts, Spec Suppl 1978:37-42.

127. Drake CW, Hunt RJ, Beck JD, Koch 

GG. Eighteen-month coronal caries inci-

dence in North Carolina older adults.  

J Public Health Dent 1994;54:24-30.

128. Dummer PM, Oliver SJ, Hicks R, 

Kingdon A, Kingdon R, Addy M, et al. 

Factors influencing the caries experience of 

a group of children at the ages of 11–12 and 

15–16 years: results from an ongoing epide-

miological survey. J Dent 1990;18:37-48.

129. Ekstrand KR, Ricketts DN, Kidd 

EA, Qvist V, Schou S. Detection, diagnos-

ing, monitoring and logical treatment of 

occlusal caries in relation to lesion activ-

ity and severity: an in vivo examination 

with histological validation. Caries Res 

1998;32:247-54.

130. Erickson PR, Mazhari E. Investigation 

of the role of human breast milk in caries 

development. Pediatr Dent 1999;21:86-90.

131. Frencken JE, König KG, Mulder 

J, Truin GJ. Exposure to low levels of 

fluoride and dental caries in deciduous 

molars of Tanzanian children. Caries Res 

1992;26:379-83.

132. Review of methods of identification 

of high caries risk groups and individuals. 

Federation Dentaire Internationale Technical 

Report No 31. Int Dent J 1988;38:177-89.

133. Fyffe HE, Deery C, Nugent ZJ, 

Nuttall NM, Pitts NB. In vitro validity of 

the Dundee Selectable Threshold Method 

for caries diagnosis (DSTM). Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 2000;28:52-8.

134. Granath LE, Rootzén H, Liljegren 

E, Holst K, Köhler L. Variation in car-

ies prevalence related to combinations of 

dietary and oral hygiene habits and chew-

ing fluoride tablets in 4-year-old children. 

Caries Res 1978;12:83-92.

135. Granath LE, Schröder U. Explana-

tory model for the interaction of factors 

in the caries process. Acta Odontol Scand 

1978;36:253-6.

136. Graves RC, Abernathy JR, Disney JA, 

Stamm JW, Bohannan HM. University of 

North Carolina caries risk assessment study. 

III. Multiple factors in caries prevalence.  

J Public Health Dent 1991;51:134-43.

137. Graves RC, Disney JA, Stamm JW. 

Physical and environmental risk factors in 

dental caries. In: Bader JD, editor. Risk 



317

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

assessment in dentistry. Chapen Hill, NC: 

Department of dental ecology, University 

of North Carolina; 1990.

138. Grindefjord M, Dahllöf G, Modéer T. 

Caries development in children from 2.5  

to 3.5 years of age: a longitudinal study. 

Caries Res 1995;29:449-54.

139. Grytten J, Rossow I, Holst D, Steele 

L. Longitudinal study of dental health 

behaviors and other caries predictors in 

early childhood. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1988;16:356-9.

140. Habibian M, Roberts G, Lawson M, 

Stevenson R, Harris S. Dietary habits and 

dental health over the first 18 months of 

life. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

2001;29:239-46.

141. Helfenstein U, Steiner M, Marthaler 

TM. Caries prediction on the basis of past 

caries including precavity lesions. Caries 

Res 1991;25:372-6.

142. Heller KE, Eklund SA, Pittman J, 

Ismail AA. Associations between dental 

treatment in the primary and permanent 

dentitions using insurance claims data. 

Pediatr Dent 2000;22:469-74.

143. Helm S, Helm T. Correlation between 

caries experience in primary and perma-

nent dentition in birth-cohorts 1950–70. 

Scand J Dent Res 1990;98:225-7.

144. Hill IN, Blayney JR, Zimmerman  

SO, Johnson DE. Deciduous teeth and 

future caries experience. J Am Dent  

Assoc 1967;74:430-8.

145. Hintze H. Caries behaviour in  

Danish teenagers: a longitudinal radio-

graphic study. Int J Paediatr Dent 

1997;7:227-34.

146. Holbrook WP, Árnadóttir IB, Takazoe 

I, Birkhed D, Frostell G. Longitudinal 

study of caries, cariogenic bacteria and diet 

in children just before and after starting 

school. Eur J Oral Sci 1995;103:42-5.

147. Holst A, Martensson I, Laurin M. 

Identification of caries risk children and 

prevention of caries in pre-school children. 

Swed Dent J 1997;21:185-91.

148. Honkala E, Nyyssönen V, Kolmakow 

S, Lammi S. Factors predicting caries 

risk in children. Scand J Dent Res 1984; 

92:134-40.

149. Hunter PB. Risk factors in dental  

caries. Int Dent J 1988;38:211-7.

150. Hujoel PP, Mäkinen KK, Bennett CB, 

Isokangas PJ, Isotupa KP, Pape HR, Jr, et 

al. Do caries explorers transmit infections 

with persons? An evaluation of second mo-

lar caries onsets. Caries Res 1995;29:461-6.

151.  Hujoel PP, Mäkinen KK, Bennett CA, 

Isotupa KP, Isokangas PJ, Allen P, et al. The 

optimum time to initiate habitual xylitol 

gum-chewing for obtaining long-term caries 

prevention. J Dent Res 1999;78:797-803.

152. Hänsel Petersson GH, Fure S,  

Twetman S, Bratthall D. Comparing caries 

risk factors and risk profiles between chil-

dren and elderly. Swed Dent J 2004;28:119-

28.


153. Imfeld TN, Steiner M, Menghini GD, 

Marthaler TM. Prediction of future high 

caries increments for children in a school 

dental service and in private practice.  

J Dent Educ 1995;59:941-4.

154. Isokangas P, Alanen P, Tiekso J. 

The clinician’s ability to identify caries 

risk subjects without saliva tests – a pilot 



K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

318


study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1993;21:8-10.

155. Jaafar N, Abdul Razak I. Correlation 

between caries experience at age 7 and 12: 

a longitudinal study. J Pedod 1988;13:11-6.

156. Kawabata K, Kawamura M, Sasahara 

H, Morishita M, Bachchu MA, Iwamoto 

Y. Development of an oral health indica-

tor in infants. Community Dent Health 

1997;14:79-83.

157.  Kidd EA. Assessment of caries risk. 

Dent Update 1998;25:385-90.

158. Kingman A, Little W, Gomez I, 

Heifetz SB, Driscoll WS, Sheats R, et al. 

Salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans  

and lactobacilli and dental caries experi- 

ences in a US adolescent population.  

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1988;16:98-103.

159. Kirchner T, Bause B, Gängler P. [The 

progression of dental caries and marginal 

periodontitis in young adults]. Dtsch  

Stomatol 1991;41:341-4.

160. Klein H, Bimstein E, Chosack A. 

Caries prevalence of the primary dentition 

at age seven. an indicator for future caries 

prevalence in the permanent dentition. 

Pediatr Dent 1981;3:184-5.

161. Klock B, Krasse B. A comparison 

between different methods for predic-

tion of caries activity. Scand J Dent Res 

1979;87:129-39.

162. Klock B, Emilson CG, Lind SO, 

Gustavsdotter M, Olhede-Westerlund AM. 

Prediction of caries activity in children 

with today’s low caries incidence. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1989;17:285-8.

163. Kolehmainen L, Heinonen OP,  

Haapakoski J. Caries prediction and its  

evaluation in 13 to 15 year-old school- 

children. Community Dent Health 1985; 

2:15-21.


164. Krasse B. Biological factors as indic-

ators of future caries. Int Dent J 1988; 

38:219-25.

165. Kristoffersson K, Gröndahl HG,  

Bratthall D. The more Streptococcus 

mutans, the more caries on approximal 

surfaces. J Dent Res 1985;64:58-61.

166. Kronmiller JE, Nirschl RF, Zullo  

TG. Patient’s age at the initial detection  

of interproximal caries. ASDC J Dent 

Child 1988;55:105-9.

167. Källestål C, Flinck A, Allebeck P,  

Holm AK, Wall S. Evaluation of caries  

preventive measures. Swed Dent J  

2000;24:1-11.

168. König KG. Dental morphology in 

relation to caries resistance with special 

reference to fissures and susceptible areas. 

 J Dent Res 1963;42:461-76.

169. Köhler B, Andréen I, Jonsson B. The 

earlier the colonization by mutans strepto-

cocci, the higher the caries prevalence at 

4 years of age. Oral Microbiol Immunol 

1988;3:14-7.

170. Lai PY, Seow WK, Tudehope DI, 

Rogers Y. Enamel hypoplasia and dental 

caries in very-low birthweight children: a 

case-controlled, longitudinal study. Pediatr 

Dent 1997;19:42-9.

171. Lawrence HP, Sheiham A. Caries  

progression in 12- to 16-year-old school-

children in fluoridated and fluoride- 



319

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

deficient areas in Brazil. Community  

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25:402-11.

172. Leverett DH, Proskin HM,  

Featherstone JD, Adair SM, Eisenberg AD, 

Mundorff-Shrestha SA, et al. Caries risk 

assessment in a longitudinal discrimination 

study. J Dent Res 1993;72:538-43.

173. Leverett DH, Featherstone JD, 

Proskin HM, Adair SM, Eisenberg AD, 

Mundorff-Shrestha SA, et al. Caries risk 

assessment by a cross-sectional discrimina-

tion model. J Dent Res 1993;72:529-37.

174.  Litt MD, Reisine S, Tinanoff N. 

Multidimensional causal model of dental 

caries development in low-income preschool 

children. Public Health Rep 1995;110:607-17.

175. Locker D. Issues in measuring change in 

self-perceived oral health status. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1998;26:41-7.

176. Lu KH. An experimentally supported 

“law of tooth decay” and its application. 

Arch Oral Biol 1966;11:757-68.

177. MacEntee MI. How severe is the 

threat of caries to old teeth? J Prosthet 

Dent 1994;71:473-7.

178. MacKeown JM, Cleaton-Jones PE, 

Fatti P. Caries and micronutrient intake 

among urban South African children: a 

cohort study. Community Dent Oral  

Epidemiol 2003;31:213-20.

179. Mancl LA, Hujoel PP, DeRouen TA. 

Efficiency issues among statistical methods 

for demonstrating efficacy of caries preven-

tion. J Dent Res 2004;83 Spec No C:C95-8.

180. Margolis MQ, Hunt RJ, Vann WF, Jr, 

Stewart PW. Distribution of primary tooth 

caries in first-grade children from two 

nonfluoridated US communities. Pediatr 

Dent 1994;16:200-5.

181. Mariri BP, Levy SM, Warren JJ, Bergus 

GR, Marshall TA, Broffitt B. Medically 

administered antibiotics, dietary habits, 

fluoride intake and dental caries experience 

in the primary dentition. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 2003;31:40-51.

182. Matejka J, Sinwell R, Cleaton-Jones P, 

Williams S, Hargreaves JA, Fatti LP, et al. 

Dental caries at five and twelve years in a 

South African Indian community: a longitu-

dinal study. Int J Epidemiol 1989;18:423-6.

183. Meldrum AM, Thomson WM, 

Drummond BK, Sears MR. Is asthma a 

risk factor for dental caries? Finding from  

a cohort study. Caries Res 2001;35:235-9.

184. Mejàre I, Stenlund H. Caries rates for 

the mesial surface of the first permanent 

molar and the distal surface of the second 

primary molar from 6 to 12 years of age in 

Sweden. Caries Res 2000;34:454-61.

185. Messer LB. Assessing caries risk in 

children. Aust Dent J 2000;45:10-6.

186. Moss ME, Zero DT. An overview  

of caries risk assessment, and its potential 

utility. J Dent Educ 1995;59:932-40.

187. Neilson A, Pitts NB. The clinical 

behaviour of free smooth surface carious 

lesions monitored over 2 years in a group of 

Scottish children. Br Dent J 1991;171:313-8.

188. Newbrun E, Matsukubo T, Hoover 

CI, Graves RC, Brown AT, Disney JA, et 

al. Comparison of two screening tests for 

Streptococcus mutans and evaluation of 

their suitability for mass screenings and 


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

320


private practice. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1984;12:325-31.

189. Nordblad A, Larmas M. A 3-year  

longitudinal caries study of permanent 

tooth surfaces at risk in Finnish school 

children. Caries Res 1985;19:271-7.

190. Nuttall NM, Nugent ZJ. Indicators  

of dental extractions and full mouth clear-

ances: a longitudinal analysis. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25:181-3.

191. Nuttall N, Deery C. Predicting the 

experience of dentinal caries or restorative 

dental treatment in adolescents using  

D1 and D3 visual caries assessments.  

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

2002;30:329-34.

192. O’Hickey S, Pigott B. Dental caries 

experience of Dublin school children after 

10 1/2 years of fluoridation. J Ir Dent  

Assoc 1983;29:5-8.

193. O’Sullivan DM, Tinanoff N. The 

association of early dental caries patterns 

with caries incidence in preschool children. 

J Public Health Dent 1996;56:81-3.

194. Palin-Palokas T, Hausen H, Alvesalo 

L, Heinonen OP. Risk factors of dental 

caries in 9–10-year-old mentally retarded 

Finnish children. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1984;12:376-80.

195. Paunio P, Rautava P, Helenius H, 

Alanen P, Sillanpää M. The Finnish Fam-

ily Competence Study: the relationship 

between caries, dental health habits and 

general health in 3-year-old Finnish chil-

dren. Caries Res 1993;27:154-60.

196. Peretz B, Ram D, Azo E, Efrat Y. 

Preschool caries as an indicator of future 

caries: a longitudinal study. Pediatr Dent 

2003;25:114-8.

197. Persson LÅ, Samuelson G. From 

breastmilk to family food. Infant feeding 

in three Swedish communities. Acta  

Paediatr Scand 1984;73:685-92.

198. Persson LA, Holm AK, Arvidsson S, 

Samuelson G. Infant feeding and dental 

caries – a longitudinal study of Swedish 

children. Swed Dent J 1985;9:201-6.

199. Petti S, Bossa MC, Tarsitani G,  

Falcolini G, Lumbau A, Campus G. 

Variables affecting salivary Streptococcus 

mutans counts in a cohort of 12-year-old 

subjects. Minerva Stomatol 1999;48:361-6.

200. Pienihäkkinen K, Jokela J, Alanen P. 

Risk-based early prevention in comparison 

with routine prevention of dental caries: 

a 7-year follow-up of a controlled clinical 

trial; clinical and economic aspects. BMC 

Oral Health 2005;5:2.

201. Pitts NB. Risk assessment and caries 

prediction. J Dent Educ 1998;62:762-70.

202. Potoczek S, Wigdorowicz-Makowerowa 

N, Krakowian H, Rzadkowska K. Dental 

caries in children in the city of Wroclaw 

before the introduction of fluoridation of 

water supply in the year 1967. II. Deciduous 

dentition. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 

1972;20:967-73.

203. Poulsen VJ. Caries risk children in the 

Danish child dental service. Scand J Prim 

Health Care 1987;5:169-75.

204. Poulsen S, Holm AK. The relation 

between dental caries in the primary and 

permament dentition of the same indivi-

dual. J Public Health Dent 1980;40:17-25.



321

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

205. Poulton R, Thomson WM, Davies S, 

Kruger E, Brown RH, Silva P. Good teeth, 

bad teeth and fear of the dentist. Behav Res 

Ther 1997;35:327-34.

206. Powell LV. Caries prediction: a review 

of the literature. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1998;26:361-71.

207. Raitio M, Pienihäkkinen K, Scheinin 

A. Assessment of single risk indicators in 

relation to caries increment in adolescents. 

Acta Odontol Scand 1996;54:113-7.

208. Raitio M, Pienihäkkinen K, Scheinin 

A. Multifactorial modeling for prediction 

of caries increment in adolescents. Acta 

Odontol Scand 1996;54:118-21.

209. Reisine S, Litt M, Tinanoff N. A bio-

psychosocial model to predict caries in 

preschool children. Pediatr Dent 1994; 

16:413-8.

210. Retnakumari N. Prevalence of dental 

caries and risk assessment among primary 

school children of 6–12 years in the Var-

kala municipal area of Kerala. J Indian  

Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1999;17:135-42.

211. Rise J, Birkeland JM, Haugejorden O, 

Blindheim O, Furevik J. Identification of 

high caries risk children using prevalence 

of filled surfaces as predictor variable for 

incidence. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1979;7:340-5.

212. Rodrigues CS, Sheiham A. The rela-

tionships between dietary guidelines, sugar 

intake and caries in primary teeth in low 

income Brazilian 3-year-olds: a longitudinal 

study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2000;10:47-55.

213. Roeters FJ, Verdonschot EH, 

Bronkhorst EM, van ’t Hof MA. Predic-

tion of the need for bitewing radiography 

in detecting caries in the primary denti-

tion. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1994;22:456-60.

214. Rugg-Gunn AJ, Hackett AF,  

Appleton DR, Jenkins GN, Eastoe JE. 

Relationship between dietary habits and 

caries increment assessed over two years 

in 405 English adolescent school children. 

Arch Oral Biol 1984;29:983-92.

215. Rugg-Gunn AJ, Hackett AF,  

Appleton DR. Relative cariogenicity of 

starch and sugars in a 2-year longitudinal 

study of 405 English schoolchildren.  

Caries Res 1987;21:464-73.

216. Rundegren J, Ericson T. Actual  

caries development compared with  

expected caries activity. Community  

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1978;6:97-102.

217.  Russell JI, MacFarlane TW, Aitchison 

TC, Stephen KW, Burchell CK. Caries 

prevalence and microbiological and sali-

vary caries activity tests in Scottish adoles-

cents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1990;18:120-5.

218. Rymar J. [A pilot study with a  

prospective view to examine a new saliva 

test’s (Dentobuff-Dentocult) application  

for screening an infant population].  

Tandlaegebladet 1981;85:503-6.

219. Saemundsson SR, Slade GD, Spencer 

AJ, Davies MJ. The basis for clinicians’ car-

ies risk grouping in children. Pediatr Dent 

1997;19:331-8.

220. Sayegh A, Shehabi A, Hilow H.  

Multifactorial modelling for caries pre- 

diction in Jordanian university students.  

Community Dent Health 1997;14:97-101.


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

322


221. Schröder U, Granath L. Dietary hab-

its and oral hygiene as predictors of caries 

in 3-year-old children. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1983;11:308-11.

222. Schröder U, Edwardsson S. Dietary 

habits, gingival status and occurrence of 

Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli 

as predictors of caries in 3-year-olds in 

Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1987;15:320-4.

223. Schwarz E, Lo EC, Wong MC. Pre-

vention of early childhood caries – results 

of a fluoride toothpaste demonstration trial 

on Chinese preschool children after three 

years. J Public Health Dent 1998;58:12-8.

224. Seki M, Karakama F, Terajima T, 

Ichikawa Y, Ozaki T, Yoshida S, et al. 

Evaluation of mutans streptococci in 

plaque and saliva: correlation with caries 

development in preschool children. J Dent 

2003;31:283-90.

225. Sigurjóns H, Magnúsdóttir MO, 

Holbrook WP. Cariogenic bacteria in a 

longitudinal study of approximal caries. 

Caries Res 1995;29:42-5.

226. Slade GD, Spencer AJ. Social impact 

of oral conditions among older adults. Aust 

Dent J 1994;39:358-64.

227. Sohn W, Burt BA, Sowers MR. Car-

bonated soft drinks and dental caries in the 

primary dentition. J Dent Res 2006;85:262-6.

228. Steiner M, Helfenstein U, Marthaler 

TM. Dental predictors of high caries 

increment in children. J Dent Res 1992; 

71:1926-33.

229. Szpunar SM, Eklund SA, Burt BA. 

Sugar consumption and caries risk in 

schoolchildren with low caries experi-

ence. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1995;23:142-6.

230. Thibodeau EA, O’Sullivan DM. 

Salivary mutans streptococci and caries 

development in the primary and mixed 

dentitions of children. Community  

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999;27:406-12.

231. Tinanoff N. Critique of evolving 

methods for caries risk assessment.  

J Dent Educ 1995;59:980-5.

232. Twetman S, Mattiasson A, Varela, 

Bratthall D. Mutans streptococci in  

saliva and dental caries in children living  

in a high and a low fluoride area. Oral 

Microbiol Immunol 1990;5:169-71.

233. Twetman S, Frostner N. Salivary 

mutans streptococci and caries prevalence 

in 8-year-old Swedish schoolchildren.  

Swed Dent J 1991;15:145-51.

234. Twetman S, Petersson LG. Interdental 

caries incidence and progression in relation 

to mutans streptococci suppression after 

chlorhexidine-thymol varnish treatments 

in schoolchildren. Acta Odontol Scand 

1999;57:144-8.

235. Vanderas AP, Skamnakis J. Effective-

ness of preventive treatment on approximal 

caries progression in posterior primary and 

permanent teeth: a review. Eur J Paediatr 

Dent 2003;4:9-15.

236. Vanderas AP, Kavvadia K,  

Papagiannoulis L. Development of 

caries in permanent first molars adja-

cent to primary second molars with 

interproximal caries: four-year prospec-

tive radiographic study. Pediatr Dent 

2004;26:362-8.


323

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

237. van Houte J. Microbiological predictors 

of caries risk. Adv Dent Res 1993;7:87-96.

238. van Palenstein Helderman WH,  

Mikx FH, Van’t Hof MA, Truin G, 

Kalsbeek H. The value of salivary bacte-

rial counts as a supplement to past caries 

experience as caries predictor in children. 

Eur J Oral Sci 2001;109:312-5.

239. van Palenstein Helderman WH,  

van ’t Hof MA, van Loveren C. Prognosis  

of caries increment with past caries ex-

perience variables. Caries Res 2001;35: 

186-92.

240. Vecchio TJ. Predictive value of  



a single diagnostic test in unselected  

populations. N Engl J Med 1966;274: 

1171-3.

241. Vehkalahti M, Nikula-Sarakorpi E, 



Paunio I. Evaluation of salivary tests and 

dental status in the prediction of caries 

increment in caries-susceptible teenagers. 

Caries Res 1996;30:22-8.

242. Wendt LK, Birkhed D. Dietary 

habits related to caries development and 

immigrant status in infants and toddlers 

living in Sweden. Acta Odontol Scand 

1995;53:339-44.

243. Wendt LK, Hallonsten AL, Koch G. 

Oral health in pre-school children living 

in Sweden. Part III – A longitudinal study. 

Risk analyses based on caries prevalence  

at 3 years of age and immigrant status. 

Swed Dent J 1999;23:17-25.

244. Verrips GH, Kalsbeek H, Eijkman 

MA. Ethnicity and maternal education  

as risk indicators for dental caries, and  

the role of dental behavior. Community 

Dent Oral Epidemiol 1993;21:209-14.

245. Virtanen JI, Bloigu RS, Larmas MA. 

Effect of early restorations of permanent 

molars on filling increments of individual 

teeth. J Dent 1997;25:17-24.

246. Wogelius P, Poulsen S, Sørensen HT. 

Use of asthma-drugs and risk of dental car-

ies among 5 to 7 year old Danish children: 

a cohort study. Community Dent Health 

2004;21:207-11.

247. Zadik D. Caries experience in decidu-

ous and permanent dentition of the same 

individuals. J Dent Res 1976;55:1125-6.

248. Zimmer BW, Rottwinkel Y. Assess-

ing patient-specific decalcification risk in 

fixed orthodontic treatment and its impact 

on prophylactic procedures. Am J Orthod 

Dentofacial Orthop 2004;126:318-24.

249. Burt BA, Ismail AI, Morrison EC, 

Beltran ED. Risk factors for tooth loss over a 

28-year period. J Dent Res 1990;69:1126-30.

250. Cook SR. A longitudinal radiographic 

study of caries progression in dental stu-

dents. Aust Dent J 1984;29:315-20.

251. Gruythuysen RJ, van der Linden LW, 

Wöltgens JH, Geraets WG. Differences 

between primary and permanent teeth in 

posteruptive age dependency of radiologi-

cal changes in enamel during the develop-

ment of approximal caries. J Biol Buccale 

1992;20:59-62.

252. Hannigan A, O’Mullane DM, Barry 

D, Schafer F, Roberts AJ. A caries suscep-

tibility classification of tooth surfaces by 

survival time. Caries Res 2000;34:103-8.

253. Reis IM, Flack VF, Atchison KA, 

White SC. Findings of clinical and ra-

diographic caries among several adult age 


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

324


groups. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 

Oral Radiol Endod 1998;86:760-4.

254. Korhonen M, Käkilehto T, Larmas  

M. Tooth-by-tooth survival analysis of  

the first caries attack in different age  

cohorts and health centers in Finland.  

Acta Odontol Scand 2003;61:1-5.

255. Li SH, Kingman A, Forthofer R, 

Swango P. Comparison of tooth surface-

specific dental caries attack patterns in  

US schoolchildren from two national sur-

veys. J Dent Res 1993;72:1398-405.

256. Luan WM, Baelum V, Chen X,  

Fejerskov O. Tooth mortality and  

prosthetic treatment patterns in urban  

and rural Chinese aged 20–80 years.  

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1989;17:221-6.

257. Löfstedt-Stålhane I. Progression av 

obehandlad karies i sexårsmolarens ocklu-

sala yta. Odontol Revy 1961;12:55-66.

258. Marthaler TM, Steiner M, Bandi 

A. [Will discolored molar fissures within 

4 years become carious more frequently 

than nondiscolored ones? Observations 

from 1975 to 1988]. Schweiz Monatsschr 

Zahnmed 1990;100:841-6.

259. Patz J, Naujoks R, Debes G. [Com-

parison of studies on caries epidemiology 

in proband groups of different age]. Dtsch 

Zahnarztl Z 1971;26:2-8.

260. Poppe B, Faustmann U, Saffan G,  

Dietrich F. [The importance of the bite-

wing image in the early recognition of 

caries and periodontal diseases in children 

and adolescents]. Zahn Mund Kieferheilkd 

Zentralbl 1990;78:705-11.

261. Rugarabamu PG, Poulsen S, Masalu 

JR. A longitudinal study of occlusal caries 

among schoolchildren in Dar es Salaam, 

Tanzania. Community Dent Oral  

Epidemiol 2002;30:47-51.

262. Scheie AA. [Caries susceptible patients 

– possible methods of selection]. Nor 

Tannlaegeforen Tid 1986;96:665-71.

263. Suni J, Helenius H, Alanen P. Tooth 

and tooth surface survival rates in birth 

cohorts from 1965, 1970, 1975, and 1980 

in Lahti, Finland. Community Dent Oral 

Epidemiol 1998;26:101-6.

264. Sutcliffe P. Caries experience of 11– 

17-year-old children. A mixed longitudinal 

epidemiological study. J Dent 1972;1:7-12.

265. Vanderas AP, Manetas C, Koulatzidou 

M, Papagiannoulis L. Progression of proximal 

caries in the mixed dentition: a 4-year pro-

spective study. Pediatr Dent 2003;25:229-34.

266. Wong MC, Schwarz E, Lo EC. Pat-

terns of dental caries severity in Chinese 

kindergarten children. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1997;25:343-7.

267. Woodward GL, Leake JL. The use of 

dental radiographs to estimate the proba-

bility of cavitation of carious interproximal 

lesions. Part I: Evidence from the literature. 

J Can Dent Assoc 1996;62:731-6.

268. Clarkson JE. Epidemiology of root 

caries. Am J Dent 1995;8:329-34.

269. Ellen RP, Banting DW, Fillery ED. 

Longitudinal microbiological investigation 

of a hospitalized population of older adults 

with a high root surface caries risk. J Dent 

Res 1985;64:1377-81.


325

K A P I T E L   5   •   r I s K b E d ö M n I n g

270. Fure S, Zickert I. Prevalence of root 

surface caries in 55, 65, and 75-year-old 

Swedish individuals. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1990;18:100-5.

271. Fure S. Five-year incidence of coro-

nal and root caries in 60-, 70- and 80-

year-old Swedish individuals. Caries Res 

1997;31:249-58.

272. Galan D, Lynch E. Epidemiology of 

root caries. Gerodontology 1993;10:59-71.

273. Gift HC, Corbin SB, Nowjack-

Raymer RE. Public knowledge of preven-

tion of dental disease. Public Health Rep 

1994;109:397-404.

274. Graves RC, Beck JD, Disney JA, 

Drake CW. Root caries prevalence in black 

and white North Carolina adults over age 

65. J Public Health Dent 1992;52:94-101.

275. Guivante-Nabet C, Berenholc C, 

Berdal A. Caries activity and associated risk 

factors in elderly hospitalised population 

– 15-months follow-up in French institu-

tions. Gerodontology 1999;16:47-58.

276. Gustavsen F, Clive JM, Tveit AB. 

Root caries prevalence in a Norwegian 

adult dental patient population. Gerodontics 

1988;4:219-23.

277. Hand JS, Hunt RJ, Beck JD. Coronal 

and root caries in older Iowans: 36-month 

incidence. Gerodontics 1988;4:136-9.

278. Hunt RJ, Eldredge JB, Beck JD. Effect 

of residence in a fluoridated community on 

the incidence of coronal and root caries in 

an older adult population. J Public Health 

Dent 1989;49:138-41.

279. Joshi A, Papas AS, Giunta J. Root car-

ies incidence and associated risk factors in 

middle-aged and older adults. Gerodontology 

1993;10:83-9.

280. Keltjens HM, Schaeken MJ, van der 

Hoeven JS, Hendriks JC. Microflora of 

plaque from sound and carious root  

surfaces. Caries Res 1987;21:193-9.

281. Kitamura M, Kiyak HA, Mulligan 

K. Predictors of root caries in the eld-

erly. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1986;14:34-8.

282. Lawrence HP, Hunt RJ, Beck JD, 

Davies GM. Five-year incidence rates and 

intraoral distribution of root caries among 

community-dwelling older adults. Caries 

Res 1996;30:169-79.

283. Locker D, Slade GD, Leake JL. Pre-

valence of and factors associated with root 

decay in older adults in Canada. J Dent  

Res 1989;68:768-72.

284. McGuire SM, Fox CH, Douglass CW, 

Tennstedt SL, Feldman HA. Beneath the 

surface of coronal caries: primary decay, 

recurrent decay, and failed restorations in a 

population-based survey of New England 

elders. J Public Health Dent 1993;53:76-82.

285. Mojon P, Favre P, Chung JP, Budtz-

Jörgensen E. Examiner agreement on caries 

detection and plaque accumulation during 

dental surveys of elders. Gerodontology 

1995;12:49-55.

286. Rask PI, Emilson CG, Krasse B,  

Sundberg H. Effect of preventive measures 

in 50–60-year-olds with a high risk of den-

tal caries. Scand J Dent Res 1988;96:500-4.


K A R I E S   –   d I A G N O S T I K ,   R I S K B E d ö M N I N G   O C H   I C K E - I N vA S I v   B E H A N d L I N G

326


287. Ravald N, Birkhed D, Hamp SE. 

Root caries susceptibility in periodontally 

treated patients. Results after 12 years.  

J Clin Periodontol 1993;20:124-9.

288. Scheinin A, Pienihäkkinen K, Tiekso 

J, Holmberg S. Multifactorial modeling for 

root caries prediction. Community Dent 

Oral Epidemiol 1992;20:35-7.

289. Schwarz E, Lo EC. Dental health 

knowledge and attitudes among the 

middle-aged and the elderly in Hong 

Kong. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

1994;22:358-63.

290. Steele JG, Sheiham A, Marcenes W, 

Fay N, Walls AW. Clinical and behavioural 

risk indicators for root caries in older peo-

ple. Gerodontology 2001;18:95-101.

291. Sundh B, Emilson CG. Salivary and 

microbial conditions and dental health 

in patients with Crohn’s disease: a 3-year 

study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 

1989;67:286-90.

292. Thomson WM, Spencer AJ, Slade 

GD, Chalmers JM. Is medication a risk 

factor for dental caries among older 

people? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 

2002;30:224-32.

293. Thomson WM. Dental caries experi-

ence in older people over time: what can 

the large cohort studies tell us? Br Dent J 

2004;196:89-92; discussion 87.

294. Unell L. On oral disease, illness and 

impairment among 50-year-olds in two 

Swedish counties. Swed Dent J Suppl 

1999;135:1-45.

295. Van Houte J, Jordan HV, Laraway 

R, Kent R, Soparkar PM, DePaola PF. 

Association of the microbial flora of dental 

plaque and saliva with human root-surface 

caries. J Dent Res 1990;69:1463-8.

296. Worthington H, Holloway P, Clarkson 

J, Davies R. Predicting which adult patients 

will need treatment over the next year. Com-

munity Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25:273-7.

297. Ylöstalo PV, Ek E, Laitinen J,  

Knuuttila ML. Optimism and life satisfac-

tion as determinants for dental and general 

health behavior-oral health habits linked 

to cardiovascular risk factors. J Dent Res 

2003;82:194-9.



327

K A P I T E L   6   •   b E h A n d L I n g   Av   T I d I g A   K A r I E s s K A d o r

6. 


Yüklə 4,3 Mb.

Dostları ilə paylaş:
1   ...   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   ...   42




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©azkurs.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

gir | qeydiyyatdan keç
    Ana səhifə


yükləyin