Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
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Due to the lack of many indicators and inefficient coordination of work in this direction, 
Uzbekistan is currently not participating in the Global Innovation Index, compiled by influential 
and authoritative international structures. The study showed that the leaders are countries in which 
high indicators related to intellectual property (Switzerland - first place). These countries are 
currently developing intensively thanks to the export of licenses for intellectual property (for 
example, the Netherlands is in second place). From this we can conclude that the main driver of 
innovation and the creation of an innovative economy is the accumulated high-quality human 
capital[1]. 
Thus, experts predict that in the next ten years, 25 of the 26 net jobs created in the United 
States will be in the service sector, and the total share of workers employed in it will amount to 83% 
of the total workforce by 2025. The change in the sectoral structure of employment of the 
population of the most developed countries of the European Union in favor of the non-productive 
sector of the economy indicates a positive trend in the transition of the world economy to an 
innovative development path. The largest part of the economically active population (over 60%) of 
developed countries has recently been employed in the production of services, which, of course, 
indicates a fundamentally new stage in the social division of labor, an increase in interest in the 
service sector. From the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that all developed countries of the 
world have more than 60% of total employment in the service sector. This indicator in Uzbekistan 
varies from 25 to 36% of all economically active population employed in the service sector[2]. 
Geographically neighboring countries, such as Kazakhstan, have a fairly high share of 
employment in the service sector, Kyrgyzstan also shows higher rates, in which almost half of the 
entire working class is employed in the service sector. And the rest of the neighboring countries 
show the lowest rates of no more than 25% of total employment. 
The most backward countries in Africa and Asia show the lowest rates of employment in the 
service sector, which is actually one of the indicators of the development of the country on the 
example of the development of services. 
Each country in which the largest number of people are involved in services is the actual 
economic giants and has a fairly stable economic system. 
The analyzes testify to the global trend of the redistribution of labor resources, their 
inclination towards the service sector. As society approaches the stage of post-industrial 
development, in countries where the share of people employed in the service sector prevails, there is 
an increase in social labor productivity. The costs of society's working time to ensure efficient labor 
are indeed becoming greater than the direct costs of the implementation of industrial labor itself. 
In the US economy, this proportion is, according to rough estimates, 50 to 50. In other 
words, for one worker engaged in the performance of industrial and labor operations, there is one 
worker engaged in ensuring the functions of the expediency of labor, taking into account the 
development and use of more progressive and efficient means of production. The connection of 
these processes taking place in society entails favorable changes associated with the development of 
information technologies and communications, scientific and technological progress and immediate 
information exchange, and an increase in the role of the service sector in the economy. 
It should be noted that the service sector in modern society is actively developing not in 
spite of, but on the basis of the foundation of the material production of means and objects of 
production. Constantly complementing each other, two spheres (material and service) in 
cooperation are able to synergistically produce more innovations in the fields of information 
technology, communication exchange and communications, education, medicine, trade, and 
consumer services. These industries launch progressive mechanisms for the development of 
scientific and technological progress in the world community, they are the future. Thus, the 

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